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Nixie tubes, LED display and VF display, top to bottom

Display board at Frankfurt (Main) Hauptbahnhof (2005)

A display device is an output device for presentation of information in visual^[1] or tactile form (the latter used for example in tactile electronic displays for blind people).^[2] When the input information that is supplied has an electrical signal the display is called an electronic display.

Common applications for electronic visual displays are television sets or computer monitors.

Types of electronic displays

Main article: Electronic visual display

In use

These are the technologies used to create the various displays in use today.

Segment displays

Main article: Segment display

Digital clocks display changing numerals

The common segment displays shown side by side: 7-segment, 9-segment, 14-segment and 16-segment displays

Some displays can show only digits or alphanumeric characters. They are called segment displays, because they are composed of several segments that switch on and off to give appearance of desired glyph. The segments are usually single LEDs or liquid crystals. They are mostly used in digital watches and pocket calculators. Common types are seven-segment displays which are used for numerals only, and alphanumeric fourteen-segment displays and sixteen-segment displays which can display numerals and Roman alphabet letters.

Other types

Cathode-ray tubes were also formerly widely used.

Full-area 2-dimensional displays

2-dimensional displays that cover a full area (usually a rectangle) are also called video displays, since it is the main modality of presenting video.

Applications of full-area 2-dimensional displays

Full-area 2-dimensional displays are used in, for example:

Television set
Computer monitor
Head-mounted displays, Heads-up displays and Virtual reality headsets
Broadcast reference monitor - Industry/non-common consumer directed hardware/equipment.
Medical monitors
Mobile displays (for mobile devices)
Smartphone displays (for smartphones)
Video walls

Underlying technologies of full-area 2-dimensional displays

Underlying technologies for full-area 2-dimensional displays include:

Cathode-ray tube display (CRT)
Light-emitting diode display (LED)
Electroluminescent display (ELD)
Electronic paper, E Ink
Plasma display panel (PDP)
Liquid-crystal display (LCD)
- High-performance addressing display (HPA)
- Thin-film transistor display (TFT)
Organic light-emitting diode display (OLED)
Digital Light Processing display (DLP)
Surface-conduction electron-emitter display (SED) (experimental)
Field-emission display (FED) (experimental)
Laser TV (forthcoming)
Carbon nanotubes (experimental)
Quantum dot display (QLED)
Interferometric modulator display (IMOD)
Digital microshutter display (DMS)
microLED (in development)

The multiplexed display technique is used to drive most display devices.

Three-dimensional displays

Further information: Volumetric display and 3D display

Mechanical types

Ticker tape (historical)
Split-flap display (or simply flap display)
Flip-disc display (or flip-dot display)
Vane display
Rollsign
Tactile electronic displays are usually intended for the blind. They use electro-mechanical parts to dynamically update a tactile image (usually of text) so that the image may be felt by the fingers.
- Optacon, using metal rods instead of light in order to convey images to blind people by tactile sensation.

References

↑ Lemley, Linda. "Chapter 6: Output". Discovering Computers. University of West Florida. Archived from the original on 14 June 2012. Retrieved 3 June 2012.
↑ "Accommodations For Vision Disabilities". Energy.gov. Office of the Chief information Officer. Archived from the original on 9 June 2012. Retrieved 3 June 2012.

External links

Wikimedia Commons has media related to Display devices.

Society for Information Display - An international professional organization dedicated to the study of display technology
University of Waterloo Stratford Campus - A university that offers students the opportunity to display their work on the school's 3-storey Christie MicroTile wall.

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