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MPE (Multi-Programming Executive) is a discontinued business-oriented mainframe computer real-time operating system developed by Hewlett-Packard for their HP 3000 computers. While the HP 3000s were initially mini-mainframes, the final high-end systems supported 12 CPUs and over 2000 simultaneous users.

It runs on the HP 3000 family of computers, which originally used HP custom 16-bit stack architecture CISC CPUs and were later migrated to PA-RISC where the operating system was called MPE XL.^[1]

In 1983, the original version of MPE was written in a language called SPL (Systems Programming Language). MPE XL was written primarily in Pascal, with some assembly language and some of the old SPL code.

In 1992, the OS name was changed to MPE/iX to indicate Unix interoperability with the addition of POSIX compatibility.^[2] The discontinuance of the product line was announced in late 2001, with support from HP terminating at the end of 2010. A number of 3rd party companies still support both the hardware and software.

In 2002, HP released the last version MPE/iX 7.5.^[3]

• Allegro consultants free resources at the Wayback Machine (archived 2017-07-01)
• Beechglen Development Inc. MPE Software Support Archived 1996-12-27 at the Wayback Machine
• HP MPE/iX homepage at the Wayback Machine (archived 2012-03-18)
• HP MPE/iX Command reference at the Wayback Machine (archived 2008-12-26)
• openMPE at the Wayback Machine (archived 2018-08-23) Advocates of continued MPE and IMAGE source code access beyond 2010
• "Collection Listings (Documents)". HP Computer Museum. Search for headings 3000, MPE V Operating System, MPE/XL MPE/iX

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