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This page explains the use of the reftag element, <ref>...</ref> for defining reference footnotes, as displayed by using a <references /> tag or a {{Reflist}} template to list the footnotes. A reftag can also be defined by using wikitext function {{#tag:ref|...}} to generate the text <ref>...</ref> and allow direct use of subst'ing of templates to embed equivalent markup inside a footnote, or to nest a <ref>...</ref> inside a {{#tag:ref|...}}.
Defining a reftag element
The general format is <ref>text</ref> for a simple reftag footnote. However reftags can have a name="xx" to define a footnote to be reused on a page by named ref, <ref name="xx" />, as when citing the same webpage at several spots in the article text.
There can be more than 3,000 reftag footnotes defined on a page, but usually there are less than a hundred.[fn 1]
Citing different pages in a single source
When citing different pages in a single source, a named ref[1] can be followed by a {{R}} template. Given a ref like "<ref name="author1990">book</ref>", the ref "author1990" can be reused, now using a different page number, say 53. This subsequent ref {{R|author1990|p=53}} will show the same superscript number, with a suffix of a colon and, in this case 53, the page number.[1]: 53 This format allows the reader to click to the reference section, and then click on other references from the same source.
Named groupings
Rather than define hundreds of footnotes in a single list, various reftags could split to some named groupings, such as using <ref group="gg">...</ref> to collect those footnotes into group name "gg" as displayed by <references group="gg" />.[fn 2] For example, a common tactic is to define footnote group "fn" which shows each link as "[fn 9]" for the 9th footnote in the group="fn". A group name can be multiple words in straight double quotation marks (group="set xx yy"), but a single-word name with no punctuation or other special characters, just ASCII letters and numerals, can omit the quotation marks (as: group=fn). Hence, many group names are typically one-word labels, to avoid excessive quotation marks.[fn 3]
Defining a reftag function
Rather than using an element <ref>text</ref>, an alternate method is to use the wikitext function tag:ref, as {{#tag:ref|text}} to define the contents of a footnote.
Examples:
- Using
{{#tag:ref|Example of tag:ref function}} will show a superscript number: [2] and list footnote "Example of tag:ref function" under the References.
- Using named
{{#tag:ref|Named reftag function xx1|name="xx1"}} will show a superscript number: [3] and list footnote "Named reftag function xx1" under the References below. The footnote name "xx1" then can be reused by putting <ref name="xx1" /> at various points in the text.[3]
Footnotes (fn)
- ↑ A reftag formats extremely fast, but users can become overwhelmed with more than 500 footnotes on a page.
- ↑ This is a sample footnote in
group="fn".
- ↑ This footnote uses double-quotes in name
group="fn".
References
- 1 2 book details here
- ↑ Example of tag:ref function
- 1 2 Named reftag function xx1
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