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GeezerVison is showing en.wikipedia.org โ Osage script - Wikipedia
The Osage script is a script promulgated in 2006 and revised 2012โ2014 for the Osage language. Because Latin orthographies were subject to interference from English conventions among Osage students who were more familiar with English than with Osage, in 2006 the director of the Osage Language Program, Herman Mongrain Lookout, decided to create a distinct script by modifying or fusing Latin letters. This Osage script has been in regular use on the Osage Nation ever since.[1] In 2012, while in the process of submitting the script to Unicode, a more precise representation of the sounds of Osage was formulated, and by the following year had been adequately tested. In February 2014, a conference on standardizing the reforms was held by Lookout and the staff at the Osage Nation Language Department along with UCS expert Michael Everson. The result included the introduction of case, the abolition of two letters, and the creation of several more.[2] The Osage script was included in Unicode version 9.0 in June 2016 in the Osage block.[3] It featured on the 2023 USA quarter dollar commemorating Maria Tallchief.[4] LettersVowelsThe 2014 vowel letters are as follows:
Long vowels are indicated with a macron, high tone by an acute accent, and a long vowel with high tone by a double acute accent: e.g. oral โจ๐ฐฬ ๐ฬโฉ ฤ ฤ, โจ๐ฐฬ ๐ฬโฉ ร รก, โจ๐ฐฬ ๐ฬโฉ ฤฬ ฤฬ, nasal โจ๐ฐอฬ ๐อฬโฉ ฤฬ ฤ ฬ, โจ๐ฐอฬ ๐อฬโฉ ฤฬ ฤ ฬ, โจ๐ฐอฬ ๐อฬโฉ ฤฬฬ ฤ ฬฬ. All vowel letters can take the nasal dot, but โจ๐ท ๐โฉ and โจ๐ ๐ถโฉ almost never do (although โจ๐ท ๐โฉ is nasalised in โจ๐ธ ๐ โฉ).[5] All inflected forms are:
ฦ and ฦฬจ are not phonemic, but unstressed allophones of A and ฤ. The a comes from Latin โจAโฉ (without the crossbar, as in the NASA insignia "worm" logo), e from Latin cursive โจโฑญโฉ (the 'long' sound of the English letter a is rather like Osage e). The source for i is obscure, though Latin โจIโฉ does appear inside โจฮโฉ for the diphthong ai. ConsonantsThe 2014 consonant letters and digraphs are as follows. As in Latin orthography, the ejective consonants are written with a diacritic, and the strongly aspirated stops with digraphs. The pre-aspirated stops were originally written as digraphs with h, but since they vary by dialect with geminates, the 2014 revision included new letters for them derived by adding a cross-bar.
Px and pลก are allophones, as are kx ~ kลก and tx ~ ch (tsh). Hy and ky are sequences rather than single consonants. The source of ๐ is Latin โจPโฉ + โจbโฉ, that of ๐ is Latin โจTโฉ + โจDโฉ, ๐ผ from โจKโฉ + โจgโฉ, ๐ด from โจbโฉ + โจRโฉ. ๐ and ๐ are the top halves of โจSโฉ and โจZโฉ. ๐ is from Osage โจ๐โฉ + โจ๐โฉ. ๐ต, ๐, ๐ and ๐ are derived from Latin โจCโฉ, โจTโฉ, โจSโฉ, and โจZโฉ respectively, + โจhโฉ. ๐, ๐ and ๐ฟ appear to be from their cursive Latin forms. ๐ is a partial โจWโฉ. ๐ is from cursive โจXโฉ; it was originally at a 45-degree (x-like) angle before it was split into ๐ and inverted ๐. ๐น is possibly from the Spanish use of โจJโฉ as /x/; alternatively ๐บ may be from the โจSโฉ of โจ๐โฉ, and ๐น from ๐บ. Ligatures for sc (sts) and sk were retired when the alphabet was reformed for Unicode encoding. PunctuationWords are separated by a space. Syllables were originally separated by a full stop, but that practice has ceased with increasing literacy. 2014 reformsA meeting to reform the script in 2014 in preparation for Unicode encoding agreed on five changes:
UnicodeMain article: Osage (Unicode block)
The Osage alphabet was added to the Unicode Standard in June 2016 with the release of version 9.0. The Unicode block for Osage is U+104B0โU+104FF:
References
External links
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