GeezerVison is showing en.wikipedia.org — Voiced retroflex lateral approximant - Wikipedia
Features
Features of a voiced retroflex lateral approximant:
- Its manner of articulation is approximant, which means it is produced by narrowing the vocal tract at the place of articulation, but not enough to produce a turbulent airstream.
- Its place of articulation is retroflex, which prototypically means it is articulated subapical (with the tip of the tongue curled up), but more generally, it means that it is postalveolar without being palatalized. That is, besides the prototypical subapical articulation, the tongue can be apical (pointed) or, in some fricatives, laminal (flat).
- Its phonation is voiced, which means the vocal cords vibrate during the articulation.
- It is an oral consonant, which means that air is not allowed to escape through the nose.
- It is a lateral consonant, which means it is produced by directing the airstream over the sides of the tongue, rather than down the middle.
- Its airstream mechanism is pulmonic, which means it is articulated by pushing air only with the intercostal muscles and abdominal muscles, as in most speech sounds.
Occurrence
In the following transcriptions, diacritics may be used to distinguish between apical [ɭ̺] and laminal [ɭ̻].
References
- Anjos, Zoraide dos (2012), "Fonologia Katukina-Kanamari", LIAMES (in Brazilian Portuguese), 12 (1): 123–156, doi:10.20396/liames.v0i12.1486
- Jiang, Haowen (April 2010), Malayalam: a Grammatical Sketch and a Text (PDF), Department of Linguistics, Rice University, archived from the original (PDF) on 2012-09-11
- Keane, Elinor (2004), "Tamil", Journal of the International Phonetic Association, 34 (1): 111–116, doi:10.1017/S0025100304001549
- Ladefoged, Peter; Maddieson, Ian (1996). The Sounds of the World's Languages. Oxford: Blackwell. ISBN 0-631-19815-6.
- Masica, Colin (1991), The Indo-Aryan Languages, Cambridge Language Surveys, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, ISBN 978-0-521-29944-2
- Sadowsky, Scott; Painequeo, Héctor; Salamanca, Gastón; Avelino, Heriberto (2013), "Mapudungun", Journal of the International Phonetic Association, 43 (1): 87–96, doi:10.1017/S0025100312000369
- Shimoji, Michinori (December 2008), "Phonology", A Grammar of Irabu, a Southern Ryukyuan Language (PhD thesis), The Australian National University, hdl:1885/150638
|
