GeezerVison

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See also: Arrow

English

Pronunciation

(Received Pronunciation) IPA^(key): /ˈæ.ɹəʊ/, [ˈæ.ɹəʊ̯]
- (Standard Southern British) IPA^(key): [ˈa.ɹəw]
(General American)
- (without the Mary–marry–merry merger) IPA^(key): /ˈæ.ɹoʊ/, [ˈæ.ɹoʊ̯]
  - Audio (US, without the Mary–marry–merry merger): (file)
- (Mary–marry–merry merger) IPA^(key): /ˈeɹ.oʊ̯/, [ˈeɹ.oʊ̯]
  - Audio (US, Mary–marry–merry merger): (file)
(Australia) IPA^(key): /ˈæɹəʉ/, [ˈæɹəʉ̯]
(New Zealand) IPA^(key): /ˈɛɹɐʉ/, [ˈɛɹɐʉ̯]
(Scotland) IPA^(key): /ˈaɾo/, [ˈaɾo]
(Wales, without the toe–tow merger) IPA^(key): /ˈaɾou/, [ˈaɾɔu̯] ~ [ˈaɾou̯]
(Estuary English, Southern US, Mid-Atlantic US) IPA^(key): /ˈæɹə/, [ˈæɹə]
Rhymes: -æɹəʊ
Hyphenation: ar‧row

Etymology 1

From Middle English arwe, from Old English earh (“arrow”) (oblique form ēarw-), from Proto-West Germanic *arhu (“arrow”), from Proto-Germanic *arhwō (“arrow”), from Proto-Indo-European *h₂érkʷo- (“bow, arrow”). Cognate with Faroese ørv, ørvur (“arrow”), Icelandic ör (“arrow”), örvar (“arrows”), Gothic 𐌰𐍂𐍈𐌰𐌶𐌽𐌰 (arƕazna, “dart”), Asturian and Leonese arcu (“bow”), Aragonese, Galician, Italian, Portuguese, and Spanish arco (“bow”), Catalan, French, and Romanian arc (“bow”), Latin arcus (“bow”). Doublet of arch, arc, arco, and arcus.

Noun

arrow (plural arrows)

A projectile consisting of a shaft, a point and a tail with stabilizing fins that is shot from a bow.
- 1577, Raphaell Holinshed; Richarde Stanyhurst [i.e., Richard Stanihurst], “[The Historie of Irelande […].] The Thirde Booke of the Historie of Ireland, Comprising the Raigne of Henry the Eyght: [...].”, in The Firste Volume of the Chronicles of England, Scotlande, and Irelande […], volume I, London: […] [Henry Bynneman] for Iohn Hunne, →OCLC, pages 77–78, column 2:
  The Citizens in their rage, imagining that euery poſt in the Churche had bin one of y^e Souldyers, ſhot habbe or nabbe at randon^{[sic – meaning random]} uppe to the Roode lofte, and to the Chancell, leauing ſome of theyr arrowes ſticking in the Images.
- 1879, R[ichard] J[efferies], chapter II, in The Amateur Poacher, London: Smith, Elder, & Co., […], →OCLC:
  Orion hit a rabbit once; but though sore wounded it got to the bury, and, struggling in, the arrow caught the side of the hole and was drawn out. Indeed, a nail filed sharp is not of much avail as an arrowhead; you must have it barbed, and that was a little beyond our skill.
A sign or symbol used to indicate a direction (e.g.→).
- 1968, Robert R. Stoll, Edward T. Wong, Linear Algebra, London: Academic Press, →LCCN, pages 2–3:
  Consider now the arrow with initial point $A$ and terminal point $B$ ; this arrow we shall designate by $\vec{A B}$ . If $a_{1}, a_{2}, a_{3},$ and $b_{1}, b_{2}, b_{3}$ are the coordinates of $A$ and $B$ , respectively, then $\vec{A B}$ is equal to the arrow $\vec{O P}$ , where $O$ is the origin of the coordinate system and $P$ has coordinates $b_{1} - a_{1}, b_{2} - a_{2}, b_{3} - a_{3}$ . Thus each arrow is equal to one having the origin as its initial point.
(graph theory) A directed edge.
(category theory) A morphism.
(colloquial, darts) A dart.
- 2014, John Eaton, It's Gonna Rain All Night, page 182:
  The second arrow flew through the air in a drunken parabolic curve and nestled just below the previous dart. Twenty!
  “Good arrows!” came from all around the room. Total silence came from the opposition corner.
(programming) The -> symbol, which has specific meanings in various programming languages.
(botany) The inflorescence or tassel of a mature sugar cane plant.
- 1921, The Louisiana Planter and Sugar Manufacturer‎^[1], volume 67, page 187:
  When the bulb of the “blowing ball” is operated, a gentle spray, much like what happens in Nature when a sugar cane arrow is shaken by the wind or gently tapped, is given out at the free end of the capsule and can be directed to any portion of the arrow as desired.

Synonyms

(projectile): streal, shaft (literary)
(in graph theory): arc, directed edge

Descendants

Bislama: ara
Pijin: aro

Translations

projectile

Abaza: сагӏындакъ (saʻəndaqʼ)
Abkhaz: ахәымпал (axʷəmpʼal)
Acehnese: aneuk panah
Afrikaans: pyl, skig
Akan: agyan
Albanian: shigjetë (sq) f, ber (sq) m, shtizë (sq)
Altai:
Southern Altai: јебе (ǰebe), ок (ok)
Amanab: fak
Amharic: ፍላጣ (fəlaṭa), ቀስት (ḳäst), ፍላጻ (fəlaṣa)
Apache:
Western Apache: k’aa’ist'aaní
Arabic: سَهْم (ar) m (sahm)
Egyptian Arabic: سهم m (sahm)

Hijazi Arabic: سَهَم m (saham)
Aramaic:
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic: ܓܹܐܪܵܐ m (gērā)

Classical Syriac: ܓܐܪܐ (giʾrā)
Armenian: նետ (hy) (net)
Aromanian: sãdzeatã
Assamese: কাঁড় (kãr)
Asturian: flecha f
Avar: йойохул гӏучӏ (jojoxul ʻučʼ), чӏор (čʼor)
Avestan: 𐬙𐬌𐬔𐬭𐬌 (tigri)
Aymara: mich'i
Azerbaijani: ox (az)
Arabic: اوخ (ox)

Cyrillic: ох
Bashkir: уҡ (uq)
Basque: gezi (eu), azkon
Belarusian: страла́ f (stralá)
Bengali: তীর (bn) (tir)
Bislama: ara
Borôro: tugo
Bulgarian: стрела́ (bg) f (strelá)
Burmese: မြား (my) (mra:)
Catalan: fletxa (ca) f, sageta (ca) f
Chamicuro: ashkololi
Chamorro: please add this translation if you can
Chechen: пха (pxa)
Cherokee: ᎫᏂ (guni)
Cheyenne: maahe
Chinese:
Cantonese: 箭 (zin³), 矢 (ci²)

Dungan: җян (jian)

Hokkien: 箭 (chìⁿ), 矢 (sí)

Mandarin: 箭 (zh) (jiàn), 矢 (zh) (shǐ), 箭頭 / 箭头 (zh) (jiàntóu)

Wu: 箭, 矢
Chipewyan: k’á
Choctaw: oo-ske-noc-kay
Chuvash: ҫӗмрен (śĕmren)
Circassian:
East Circassian: шабзэ (kbd) (šabzɛ)

West Circassian: щэбзащ (śɛbzaś)
Cornish: seth
Crimean Tatar: oq
Czech: šíp (cs) m, střela (cs) f (dated, now means "projectile")
Danish: pil c
Dargwa: урги (urgi)
Dhivehi: ތީރު (tīru)
Dongxiang: sumu
Dutch: pijl (nl) m
Egyptian:

(šsr m),

(zwn m)
Elfdalian: kuov m
Erzya: нал (nal), нал (nal)
Esperanto: sago (eo)
Estonian: nool (et)
Evenki: нюр (ņur)
Ewe: aŋutrɔ n
Farefare: pɛɛfɔ
Faroese: ørvur m, pílur m, ørv f
Finnish: nuoli (fi)
French: flèche (fr) f
Frisian:
Saterland Frisian: Stroal m

West Frisian: pylk n
Friulian: frece f
Galician: frecha (gl) f, frisga f, seta (gl) f
Georgian: ისარი (ka) (isari)
German: Pfeil (de) m
Gothic: 𐌰𐍂𐍈𐌰𐌶𐌽𐌰 f (arƕazna)
Greek: βέλος (el) n (vélos), σαΐτα (el) f (saḯta)
Ancient Greek: ἰός m (iós), τόξευμα n (tóxeuma), (Epic) ὀϊστός m (oïstós)
Greenlandic: qarsoq
Guarani:
Paraguayan Guarani: hu'y
Gujarati: બાણ (bāṇ)
Hadza: please add this translation if you can
Hausa: kibiya
Hawaiian: pua, pua pana
Hebrew: חֵץ (he) m (khets)
Hindi: तीर (hi) m (tīr), बाण (hi) (bāṇ)
Hungarian: nyíl (hu)
Hunsrik: Peil m
Icelandic: ör (is) f
Ido: flecho (io)
Igbo: arọ
Indonesian: panah (id), anak panah (id)
Ingrian: strela, nooli
Ingush: тӏаьск (tʼäsk)
Interlingua: flecha, sagitta
Irish: saighead f
Italian: freccia (it) f
Japanese: 矢 (ja) (や, ya)
Jarai: ƀrom
Javanese: ꦥꦤꦃ (jv) (panah)
Old Javanese: panah
Jeju: 화살 (hwasal)
Kaitag: и́рже (írže)
Kannada: ಅಂಬು (kn) (ambu), ಬಾಣ (kn) (bāṇa)
Karachay-Balkar: окъ (oq)
Karelian: piili
Kazakh: жебе (jebe), оқ (oq)
Ket: ӄам (qam)
Khmer: ព្រួញ (km) (pruəñ), សរ (km) (sɑɑ)
Kikuyu: mũguĩ class 3
Komi:
Komi-Permyak: ньӧв (ńöv)
Korean: 화살 (ko) (hwasal)
Kumyk: окъ (oq)
Kurdish:
Central Kurdish: تیر (ckb) (tîr)

Northern Kurdish: tîr (ku) m
Kyrgyz: жебе (ky) (jebe)
Lak: чӏатӏаракӏ (čʼatʼarakʼ)
Lakota: waŋhíŋkpe
Lao: ລູກສອນ (lūk sǭn), ສອນ (sǭn)
Latgalian: šautra f
Latin: sagitta (la) f
Latvian: bulta f, šautra f, strēle f
Lingala: likula
Lithuanian: strėlė f
Lokono: simala
Low German: Piel m, Piil m
Lü: ᦔᦹᧃ (ṗuen), ᦐᦱᧉᦺᦙᧉ (ṅaa²may²)
Luxembourgish: Fäil m
Macedonian: стрела f (strela)
Malay: panah (ms)
Jawi: ڤانه
Malayalam: അമ്പ് (ml) (ampŭ)
Maltese: vleġġa f
Manchu: ᠰᡳᡵᡩᠠᠨ (sirdan), ᠨᡳᡵᡠ (niru)
Mansi:
Northern Mansi: ^{(please verify)} ня̄л (nâ̄l)
Māori: kōpere, pere
Marathi: बाण (bāṇ)
Mari:
Eastern Mari: пикш (pikš), нӧлӧ (nölö)
Marwari: तीर (tīr)
Maybrat: karef
Mohawk: kayonkwere
Moksha: нал (nal)
Mon: လဴ (mnw)
Mongolian:
Cyrillic: сум (mn) (sum)

Mongolian script: ᠰᠤᠮᠤ (sumu)
Muong: lãl
Nahuatl: mitl (nah)
Classical Nahuatl: mitl
Nanticoke: allontz
Navajo: kʼaaʼ
Norwegian: pil (no)
Bokmål: pil (no) m or f

Nynorsk: pil f
Nottoway-Meherrin: aruntquaserank
Occitan: flècha (oc) f, sageta (oc) f
Odia: ବାଣ (or) (bāṇa), ତୀର (or) (tira)
Ojibwe: mitigwanwi, bikwak, ginwaakwanwi, gii'anwaakonwi, asawaan
Old Church Slavonic:
Cyrillic: стрѣла f (strěla)

Glagolitic: ⱄⱅⱃⱑⰾⰰ f (strěla)
Old East Slavic: стрѣла f (strěla)
Old English: flān m
Old Galician-Portuguese: saeta
Old Norse: ǫr f
Old Tupi: u'uba
Oneida: kayu꞉kwíleʼ
Ossetian: фат (fat)
Pacoh: taráh
Pali: usu, sara m, bāṇa m
Pashto: غشۍ (ǧašëy)
Pawnee: riiksuʼ, riksuʼ
Persian: تیر (fa) (tir)
Middle Persian: 𐭲𐭢𐭫 (tgl /⁠tigr⁠/)
Pirahã: kahaí
Plautdietsch: Feil f
Polish: strzała (pl) f, szyp (pl) m (archaic)
Portuguese: flecha (pt) f, seta (pt) f
Punjabi: ਤੀਰ (tīr)
Quapaw: mą
Quechua: wach'i
Rapa Nui: te'a
Rohingya: tir
Romanian: săgeată (ro) f
Cyrillic: сэӂатэ f (săgeată)
Romansh: frizza f
Russian: стрела́ (ru) f (strelá)
Sami:
Kildin Sami: ню̄лл (njūll)

Northern Sami: njuolla
Samoan: ū, 'auū
Sanskrit: इषु (sa) m (iṣu), बाण (sa) (bāṇa), शर (sa) m (śara)
Scottish Gaelic: saighead f, gath f
Serbo-Croatian:
Cyrillic: стрела f, стријела f, стрелица f, стрјелица f, стрила f (Chakavian, Ikavian)

Latin: strela f, strijela (sh) f, strelica (sh) f, strjelica f, strila f (Chakavian, Ikavian)
Shan: ပိုၼ် (pǔen)
Shawnee: la nàhl we
Sherpa: མདའ (mda')
Sicilian: freccia f
Sindhi: پيِلو (sd) (pīlō)
Sinhalese: ඊය (īya)
Slovak: šíp, strela f (dated, now means "projectile")
Slovene: puščica (sl) f
Sorbian:
Lower Sorbian: klek m, šypa f

Upper Sorbian: kłok m, šip m
Sotho: motsu
Spanish: flecha (es) f, saeta (es) f
Sudovian: strēla f
Sumerian: 𒋾 (TI)
Sundanese: jamparing
Svan: ცხვი (cxvi)
Swahili: mshale (sw)
Swedish: pil (sv) c
Tabasaran: чӏимир (č̣imir)
Tagalog: tunod (tl), palaso, pletsa
Tahitian: te'a
Tajik: тир (tg) (tir)
Tamil: அம்பு (ta) (ampu)
Taos: łúonemą
Tat: ух
Tatar: ук (tt) (uq)
Telugu: బాణము (te) (bāṇamu), అమ్ము (te) (ammu)
Tetum: hana
Tewa: sú
Thai: ลูกศร (lûuk-sɔ̌ɔn), ศร (sɔ̌ɔn)
Northern Thai: please add this translation if you can
Tibetan: མདའ (mda')
Tigrinya: መንትግ (mäntəg), ኵናት (kʷənat), ፍላጻ (fəlaṣa)
Tlingit: chooneit
Tocharian B: prere, tsain
Tongan: ngahau
Turkish: ok (tr)
Ottoman Turkish: اوق (ok), تیر (tir), سهم (sehm)
Turkmen: ok, peýkam
Tutelo: mañkoi, mañksii
Tuvan: согун (sogun)
Udmurt: ньӧл (ńöl)
Ugaritic: 𐎈𐎑 (ḥẓ)
Ukrainian: стріла́ f (strilá)
Urdu: تیر m (tīr)
Uyghur: ئوق (oq)
Uzbek: oʻq (uz), tir (uz) (dated)
Vietnamese: mũi tên (vi), tên (vi)
Volapük: sagit (vo)
Walloon: fritche (wa) f, fletche (wa) f
Welsh: saeth (cy) f
Wolof: fitt (wo), fett
Xhosa: utolo
Yakut: ох (oq), оноҕос (onoğos)
Yansi: makora
Yiddish: פֿײַל f (fayl)
Yoruba: ọfà
Yup'ik: qeruq
Zapotec:
Isthmus Zapotec: baxa, baza
Zhuang: naq, cienq (dialectal), bwn (dialectal)
Zulu: umcibisholo class 3/4
ǃXóõ: gǁqhàã (bone-tipped)

symbol

Afrikaans: pyltjie
Arabic: سَهْم (ar) m (sahm)
Hijazi Arabic: سَهَم m (saham)
Aramaic:
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic: ܓܹܐܪܵܐ m (gērā)
Armenian: սլաք (hy) (slakʻ)
Asturian: flecha f
Belarusian: стрэ́лка f (strélka)
Bulgarian: стрелка́ (bg) f (strelká)
Catalan: fletxa (ca) f
Chechen: цамза (camza)
Chinese:
Cantonese: 箭嘴 (zin³ zeoi²)

Mandarin: 箭號 / 箭号 (jiànhào), 箭頭 / 箭头 (zh) (jiàntóu)
Czech: šipka (cs) f
Danish: pil c
Dutch: pijl (nl) m
Estonian: nool (et)
Fijian: gasau
Finnish: nuoli (fi)
French: flèche (fr) f
Frisian:
West Frisian: pylk c
Galician: frecha (gl) f
Georgian: ისარი (ka) (isari)
German: Pfeil (de) m
Greek: βέλος (el) n (vélos), βελάκι (el) n (veláki) (diminutive), δείκτης (el) m (deíktis)
Hawaiian: nahau
Hebrew: חץ (he) m (khetz)
Hungarian: nyíl (hu)
Ido: flecho (io)
Indonesian: panah (id)
Ingush: гӏоаролг (ğoarolg)
Italian: freccia (it)
Japanese: 矢印 (ja) (やじるし, yajirushi)
Kimaragang: ramok do panah
Korean: 화살표 (hwasalpyo)
Kurdish:
Northern Kurdish: tîr (ku) m
Lao: ລູກສອນ (lūk sǭn)
Latvian: bulta
Lithuanian: rodyklė
Luxembourgish: Fäil m
Macedonian: стре́лка f (strélka)
Malay:
Jawi: انق ڤانه

Rumi: anak panah (ms)
Malayalam: ചിഹ്നം (ml) (cihnaṁ)
Norman: flièche f
Persian: فلش (fa) (fleš), پیکانه (fa) (peykâne)
Polish: strzałka (pl) f
Portuguese: seta (pt) f
Romanian: săgeată (ro) f
Russian: стре́лка (ru) f (strélka)
Serbo-Croatian: strelica (sh) f, стрелица f
Slovak: šípka f
Slovene: puščica (sl) f
Spanish: flecha (es) f
Swedish: pil (sv) c
Telugu: బాణం గుర్తు (bāṇaṁ gurtu)
Thai: ลูกศร (lûuk-sɔ̌ɔn)
Turkish: ok (tr)
Ukrainian: стрі́лка f (strílka)
Vietnamese: mũi tên (vi)
Walloon: fritche (wa) f, fletche (wa) f

in graph theory — see directed edge

The translations below need to be checked and inserted above into the appropriate translation tables. See instructions at Wiktionary:Entry layout § Translations.

Translations to be checked

Breton: ^{(please verify)} saezh (br) f (1, 2)
Interlingua: ^{(please verify)} flecha, ^{(please verify)} sagitta (1, 2)
Lithuanian: ^{(please verify)} strėlė f (1, 2), ^{(please verify)} rodyklė f (2)
Romanian: ^{(please verify)} săgeată (ro) f
Slovak: ^{(please verify)} šíp m (1), ^{(please verify)} šípka f (2)

Derived terms

Verb

arrow (third-person singular simple present arrows, present participle arrowing, simple past and past participle arrowed)

(intransitive) To move swiftly and directly (like an arrow).
- 2019, Maaza Mengiste, The Shadow King, Canongate Books (2020), page 279:
  Above his head, a startled bird arrows up, into the sun.
(transitive) To let fly swiftly and directly.
- 2012 April 9, Mandeep Sanghera, “Tottenham 1 - 2 Norwich”, in BBC Sport‎^[2], archived from the original on 7 December 2014:
  Jermain Defoe dinked in an equaliser and Gareth Bale hit the crossbar for the hosts before Elliott Bennett arrowed in Norwich's winner.
(intransitive, botany, of a sugar cane plant) To develop an inflorescence.
- 1848, Louis Antoine A.G. De Verteuil, Three essays on the cultivation of the sugar-cane in Trinidad‎^[3], page 12:
  The more vigorous and luxuriant the vegetation of a field of canes, the less will the tendency to flowering be shewn; whereas nearly all the canes will be found to arrow if the soil be poor and the vegetation meagre.
- 1903, Planter and Sugar Manufacturer‎^[4], volume 30, page 374:
  In some sugar cane countries efforts are made to harvest the cane crops before the period of arrowing, and in Barbados it is thought that a considerable loss occurs in the yield of sugar if the harvest be delayed and only completed through the arrowing season.
- 1905, Sugar-Cane Experiments in the Leeward Islands‎^[5]:
  It is easily grown and arrows freely. It appears to be of moderate merit only, but might be cautiously tried on a small scale.
(computing, intransitive) To navigate using the arrow keys.
Arrow left until you reach the start of the text you want to delete.
(Singapore, Singlish, transitive, originally military slang) To single out or nominate (someone) to be responsible for something, especially an undesirable task.
- 2011, Susan Tsang, Audrey Perera, Singapore at Random, →ISBN, page 36:
  Just because I never come for meeting … my boss arrow me to do this job.

Etymology 2

Representing pronunciation.

Contraction

arrow

(obsolete) Contraction of ever +‎ a, sometimes used with a redundant a or an.
- 1749, Henry Fielding, Tom Jones, Folio Society, published 1973, page 153:
  though he hath lived here this many years, I don't believe there is arrow a servant in the house ever saw the colour of his money.

Anagrams

worra

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