GeezerVison

See also: Axis, áxis, and axış

English

Pronunciation

(Received Pronunciation) IPA^(key): /ˈæksɪs/
(General American, Canada, Australia) IPA^(key): /ˈæksɪs/, /ˈæksəs/
- Audio (US): (file)
(New Zealand) IPA^(key): /ˈɛksəs/
Rhymes: -æksɪs, -æksəs
Hyphenation: ax‧is

Etymology 1

Etymology tree

Proto-Indo-European *h₂eǵ-?

Proto-Indo-European *-os

Proto-Indo-European *h₂eḱs-

Proto-Indo-European *h₂eḱs-i-s

Proto-Italic *aksis

Latin axisbor.

English axis

Borrowed from Latin axis (“axle, axis”) in the 16th century. Via Latin cognate with ala, aisle, atelier. Via Proto-Indo-European *h₂eḱs- cognate with inherited English axle and borrowed axo-, axon.

Noun

axis (plural axes or (rare) axiis)

(geometry) An imaginary line around which an object spins (an axis of rotation) or is symmetrically arranged (an axis of symmetry).
- 2012 March, Henry Petroski, “Opening Doors”, in American Scientist‎^[1], volume 100, number 2, pages 112–3:
  A doorknob of whatever roundish shape is effectively a continuum of levers, with the axis of the latching mechanism—known as the spindle—being the fulcrum about which the turning takes place.
The Earth rotates once a day on its axis
(mathematics) A fixed one-dimensional figure, such as a line or arc, with an origin and orientation and such that its points are in one-to-one correspondence with a set of numbers; an axis forms part of the basis of a space or is used to position and locate data in a graph (a coordinate axis)
(anatomy) The second cervical vertebra of the spine
Synonym: epistropheus
(anatomy) An imaginary, visualized plane separating two morphologically similar parts of an organism
(psychiatry) A form of classification and descriptions of mental disorders or disabilities used in manuals such as the DSM (Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders)
(botany) The main stem or central part about which organs or plant parts such as branches are arranged
(military) An alliance or coalition.
Synonyms: pact, compact, league
- 1936, November 1st, Francisco Franco, Bilbao Speech:
  This Berlin-Madrid vertical line is not an obstacle but rather an axis around which can revolve all those European states with a will to collaboration and peace.
(figurative) The centre of attention within a process (e.g. the axis of investigation)

Coordinate terms

(cervical vertebra): atlas

Derived terms

Related terms

axial, axially
axile

Translations

geometry: imaginary line

Albanian: aks m , bosht (sq)
Arabic: مِحْوَر m (miḥwar)
Armenian: առանցք (hy) (aṙancʻkʻ)
Asturian: exa (ast) f
Azerbaijani: mehvər, ox (az)
Bashkir: күсәр (küsär)
Belarusian: вось f (vosʹ)
Bengali: অক্ষ (bn) (okkho)
Bulgarian: ос (bg) f (os)
Burmese: ဝင်ရိုး (my) (wang-rui:)
Catalan: eix (ca) m
Chinese:
Mandarin: 軸 / 轴 (zh) (zhóu), 軸心 / 轴心 (zh) (zhóuxīn)
Chuvash: тӗнӗл (tĕnĕl)
Czech: osa (cs) f
Danish: akse (da) c
Dutch: as (nl) f
Esperanto: akso
Estonian: telg
Faroese: ásur m
Finnish: akseli (fi)
French: axe (fr) m
Frisian:
West Frisian: as
Galician: eixe (gl) m
Georgian: ღერძი (ɣerʒi)
German: Achse (de) f
Gothic: 𐌰𐌷𐍃𐌰 f (ahsa)
Greek: άξονας (el) m (áxonas)
Ancient Greek: ἄξων m (áxōn)
Hebrew: צִיר (he) m (tsir)
Hindi: धुरी (hi) f (dhurī), अक्ष (hi) m (akṣ)
Hungarian: tengely (hu)
Icelandic: ás (is) m, möndull (is)
Ido: axo (io)
Indonesian: poros (id), aksis (id)
Inuktitut: ᓈᓴᐅᑎᖃᕐᕕᒃ (naasaotiqarfik)
Irish: ais f
Italian: asse (it) m
Japanese: 軸 (ja) (じく, jiku)
Kazakh: білік (kk) (bilik), белағаш (belağaš), белдік (beldik), өс (ös)
Khmer: អ័ក្ស (km) (ʼak)
Korean: 축(軸) (ko) (chuk)
Kyrgyz: ок (ky) (ok), ось (os)
Lao: ແກນ (lo) (kǣn)
Latvian: ass (lv) f
Lithuanian: ašis m
Lombard: assa (lmo)
Macedonian: о́ска f (óska)
Malay: paksi (ms)
Malayalam: അച്ചുതണ്ട് (ml) (accutaṇṭŭ)
Māori: tuaka
Mongolian:
Cyrillic: тэнхлэг (mn) (tenxleg)
Norwegian:
Bokmål: akse (no) m

Nynorsk: akse m
Occitan: axe (oc) m
Persian:
Dari: مِحْوَر (fa) (mihwar)

Iranian Persian: مِحْوَر (fa) (mehvar), آسِه (fa) (âse)
Plautdietsch: Auss f
Polish: oś (pl) f
Portuguese: eixo (pt) m
Romanian: axă (ro) f
Russian: ось (ru) f (osʹ)
Sanskrit: अक्ष (sa) m (akṣa)
Serbo-Croatian:
Cyrillic: о̑са f, о̑с f

Latin: ȏsa (sh) f, ȏs (sh) f
Slovak: os (sk) f
Slovene: os (sl) f
Southern Altai: кӧжӱр (köžür) ось (osʹ)
Spanish: eje (es) m
Swedish: axel (sv) c
Tagalog: taluhog, aksis
Tajik: тир (tg) (tir), меҳвар (mehvar)
Telugu: అక్షము (te) (akṣamu)
Thai: แกน (th) (gɛɛn)
Turkish: eksen (tr)
Turkmen: ok
Ukrainian: вісь f (visʹ)
Urdu: مِحْوَر f (mihvar)
Uzbek: oʻq (uz)
Vietnamese: trục (vi) (軸 (vi))
Welsh: echel (cy) f
Yiddish: אַקס f (aks)

basis of space or part of graph

Armenian: առանցք (hy) (aṙancʻkʻ)
Bulgarian: ос (bg) (os)
Czech: osa (cs) f
Dutch: as (nl) f
Esperanto: akso
Estonian: telg
Faroese: ásur m
Finnish: akseli (fi)
French: axe (fr) m
Frisian:
West Frisian: as
Georgian: ღერძი (ɣerʒi)
German: Achse (de) f
Greek: άξονας (el) m (áxonas)
Hebrew: ציר (he) m (tzyr)
Icelandic: ás (is) m
Italian: asse (it) m
Khmer: អ័ក្ស (km) (ʼak)
Latvian: ass (lv) f
Macedonian: о́ска f (óska)
Malay: paksi (ms)
Māori: tuaka
Norwegian:
Bokmål: akse (no) m

Nynorsk: akse m
Persian:
Iranian Persian: آسِه (fa) (âse)
Polish: oś (pl) f
Portuguese: eixo (pt) m
Russian: ось (ru) f (osʹ)
Serbo-Croatian:
Cyrillic: о̑са f, осо̀вина f

Latin: ȏsa (sh) f, osòvina (sh) f
Slovak: os (sk) f
Slovene: os (sl) f
Sorbian:
Lower Sorbian: wós f

Upper Sorbian: wóska f
Spanish: eje (es) m
Swedish: axel (sv) c
Telugu: అక్షము (te) (akṣamu)
Turkish: eksen (tr)
Welsh: echel (cy) f

second cervical vertebra

Catalan: axis (ca) m
Chinese:
Mandarin: 樞椎 / 枢椎 (zh) (shūzhuī)
Czech: čepovec m, axis (cs) m
Dutch: draaier (nl) m
Faroese: navarsgeisli m
Finnish: kiertonikama (fi), aksis (fi)
Greek: άξονας (el) m (áxonas), επιστροφεύς m (epistroféfs)
Ido: axoido (io)
Italian: epistrofeo (it) m
Kazakh: білікомыртқа (bilikomırtqa)
Khmer: អ័ក្ស (km) (ʼak)
Malay: tulang paksi, epistrofeus
Persian:
Iranian Persian: آسِه (fa) (âse)
Polish: obrotnik (pl) m
Portuguese: áxis m
Russian: эпистрофей (ru) m (epistrofej), аксис (ru) m (aksis)
Spanish: axis (es) m
Swedish: tappkota c

psychiatry: form of classification and descriptions of mental disorders

Finnish: akseli (fi)
Indonesian: aksis (id)

botany: main stem or central part

Finnish: keskiranka, akseli (fi)
Russian: ствол (ru) m (stvol)

Etymology 2

From Latin, name of an Indian animal mentioned by the Roman senator Pliny.

Noun

axis (plural axises)

A deer native to Asia, of species Axis axis.
Synonyms: chital, cheetal, chital deer, spotted deer, axis deer

Translations

Axis axis — see chital

French

Etymology

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /ak.si/

Noun

axis m (invariable)

synonym of cerf axis (“chital”)

References

“axis”, in Trésor de la langue française informatisé [Digitized Treasury of the French Language], 2012

Latin

Alternative forms

assis

Etymology

Inherited from Proto-Italic *aksis, from Proto-Indo-European *h₂eḱs-i-s, from *h₂eḱs- (“axis; axle”), possibly from *h₂eǵ- + *-os. See also Lithuanian ašis (“axle”), Russian ось (osʹ), Sanskrit अक्ष (ákṣa, “axis, axle, balance beam”), Ancient Greek ἄξων (áxōn, “axle”), Old High German ahsa (“axle”), Icelandic eax, öxull, öksull, Old English eaxl (whence English axle). Compare also Etruscan 𐌀𐌂𐌔𐌉 (Acsi, “the Axia gens”).

Pronunciation

(Classical Latin) IPA^(key): [ˈak.sɪs]
(modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA^(key): [ˈak.sis]

Noun

axis m (genitive axis); third declension

An axletree of wagon, car, chariot.
The North Pole.
The heavens or a region or clime of these.
A board, plank.

Declension

Third-declension noun (i-stem).

	singular	plural
nominative	axis	axēs
genitive	axis	axium
dative	axī	axibus
accusative	axem	axēs axīs
ablative	axe	axibus
vocative	axis	axēs

Derived terms

Descendants

Italo-Dalmatian:
- Italian: asse
- Venetan: ase
Rhaeto-Romance:
- Friulian: as
Gallo-Italic:
- Lombard: ax
- Piedmontese: ass
Gallo-Romance:
- Northern:
  - Franco-Provençal: èssi, èshi, assi, ashi, aissi
  - French: ais
- Southern:
  - Catalan: eix
  - Occitan: ais
Ibero-Romance:
- Aragonese: eixe, exe
- Asturian: exa, exe, ex
- Old Galician-Portuguese: eixe
  - Galician: eixe, eixo
  - Portuguese: eixo
- Old Spanish: exe
  - Spanish: eje

Borrowings:

→ Catalan: axis
→ English: axis
→ Franco-Provençal: axo
→ French: axe
→ Irish: ais
→ Occitan: axe
→ Portuguese: axe, áxis
→ Romanian: ax, axă
→ Spanish: axis

References

“axis”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879), A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
“axis”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891), An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
"axis", in Charles du Fresne du Cange, Glossarium Mediæ et Infimæ Latinitatis (augmented edition with additions by D. P. Carpenterius, Adelungius and others, edited by Léopold Favre, 1883–1887)
“axis”, in Gaffiot, Félix (1934), Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.
Carl Meißner; Henry William Auden (1894), Latin Phrase-Book‎^[2], London: Macmillan and Co.
- the pole: vertex caeli, axis caeli, cardo caeli
“axis”, in Harry Thurston Peck, editor (1898), Harper’s Dictionary of Classical Antiquities, New York: Harper & Brothers
“axis”, in William Smith et al., editor (1890), A Dictionary of Greek and Roman Antiquities, London: William Wayte. G. E. Marindin
Langenscheidt Pocket Latin Dictionary

Spanish

Etymology

Etymology tree

Proto-Indo-European *h₂eǵ-?

Proto-Indo-European *-os

Proto-Indo-European *h₂eḱs-

Proto-Indo-European *h₂eḱs-i-s

Proto-Italic *aksis

Latin axislbor.

Spanish axis

Learned borrowing from Latin axis. Doublet of eje.

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /ˈaɡsis/ [ˈaɣ̞.sis]
Rhymes: -aɡsis
Syllabification: a‧xis

Noun

axis m (plural axis)

(anatomy) axis (vertebra)

GeezerVison

English

Pronunciation

Etymology 1

Noun

Coordinate terms

Derived terms

Related terms

Translations

Etymology 2

Noun

Translations

See also

French

Etymology

Pronunciation

Noun

References

Latin

Alternative forms

Etymology

Pronunciation

Noun

Declension

Derived terms

Descendants

References

Spanish

Etymology

Pronunciation

Noun

Further reading