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"""code.activestate.com/recipes/413838-memento-closure/"""

import copy

def Memento(obj, deep=False):

state = (copy.copy, copy.deepcopy)[bool(deep)](obj.__dict__)

def Restore():

obj.__dict__.clear()

obj.__dict__.update(state)

return Restore

class Transaction:

"""A transaction guard. This is really just

syntactic suggar arount a memento closure.

"""

deep = False

def __init__(self, *targets):

self.targets = targets

self.Commit()

def Commit(self):

self.states = [Memento(target, self.deep) for target in self.targets]

def Rollback(self):

for st in self.states:

st()

class transactional(object):

"""Adds transactional semantics to methods. Methods decorated with

@transactional will rollback to entry state upon exceptions.

"""

def __init__(self, method):

self.method = method

def __get__(self, obj, T):

def transaction(*args, **kwargs):

state = Memento(obj)

try:

return self.method(obj, *args, **kwargs)

except:

state()

raise

return transaction

class NumObj(object):

def __init__(self, value):

self.value = value

def __repr__(self):

return '<%s: %r>' % (self.__class__.__name__, self.value)

def Increment(self):

self.value += 1

@transactional

def DoStuff(self):

self.value = '1111' # <- invalid value

self.Increment() # <- will fail and rollback

if __name__ == '__main__':

n = NumObj(-1)

print(n)

t = Transaction(n)

try:

for i in range(3):

n.Increment()

print(n)

t.Commit()

print('-- commited')

for i in range(3):

n.Increment()

print(n)

n.value += 'x' # will fail

print(n)

except:

t.Rollback()

print('-- rolled back')

print(n)

print('-- now doing stuff ...')

try:

n.DoStuff()

except:

print('-> doing stuff failed!')

import traceback

traceback.print_exc(0)

pass

print(n)