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GeezerVison is showing github.com — python-docs-ja/extending/newtypes_tutorial.po at 3.14 · python/python-docs-ja Expand file tree/ Copy pathnewtypes_tutorial.poMore file actions 3334 lines (3154 loc) · 120 KB / Copy pathnewtypes_tutorial.poFile metadata and controls3334 lines (3154 loc) · 120 KB 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 56 57 58 59 60 61 62 63 64 65 66 67 68 69 70 71 72 73 74 75 76 77 78 79 80 81 82 83 84 85 86 87 88 89 90 91 92 93 94 95 96 97 98 99 100 101 102 103 104 105 106 107 108 109 110 111 112 113 114 115 116 117 118 119 120 121 122 123 124 125 126 127 128 129 130 131 132 133 134 135 136 137 138 139 140 141 142 143 144 145 146 147 148 149 150 151 152 153 154 155 156 157 158 159 160 161 162 163 164 165 166 167 168 169 170 171 172 173 174 175 176 177 178 179 180 181 182 183 184 185 186 187 188 189 190 191 192 193 194 195 196 197 198 199 200 201 202 203 204 205 206 207 208 209 210 211 212 213 214 215 216 217 218 219 220 221 222 223 224 225 226 227 228 229 230 231 232 233 234 235 236 237 238 239 240 241 242 243 244 245 246 247 248 249 250 251 252 253 254 255 256 257 258 259 260 261 262 263 264 265 266 267 268 269 270 271 272 273 274 275 276 277 278 279 280 281 282 283 284 285 286 287 288 289 290 291 292 293 294 295 296 297 298 299 300 301 302 303 304 305 306 307 308 309 310 311 312 313 314 315 316 317 318 319 320 321 322 323 324 325 326 327 328 329 330 331 332 333 334 335 336 337 338 339 340 341 342 343 344 345 346 347 348 349 350 351 352 353 354 355 356 357 358 359 360 361 362 363 364 365 366 367 368 369 370 371 372 373 374 375 376 377 378 379 380 381 382 383 384 385 386 387 388 389 390 391 392 393 394 395 396 397 398 399 400 401 402 403 404 405 406 407 408 409 410 411 412 413 414 415 416 417 418 419 420 421 422 423 424 425 426 427 428 429 430 431 432 433 434 435 436 437 438 439 440 441 442 443 444 445 446 447 448 449 450 451 452 453 454 455 456 457 458 459 460 461 462 463 464 465 466 467 468 469 470 471 472 473 474 475 476 477 478 479 480 481 482 483 484 485 486 487 488 489 490 491 492 493 494 495 496 497 498 499 500 501 502 503 504 505 506 507 508 509 510 511 512 513 514 515 516 517 518 519 520 521 522 523 524 525 526 527 528 529 530 531 532 533 534 535 536 537 538 539 540 541 542 543 544 545 546 547 548 549 550 551 552 553 554 555 556 557 558 559 560 561 562 563 564 565 566 567 568 569 570 571 572 573 574 575 576 577 578 579 580 581 582 583 584 585 586 587 588 589 590 591 592 593 594 595 596 597 598 599 600 601 602 603 604 605 606 607 608 609 610 611 612 613 614 615 616 617 618 619 620 621 622 623 624 625 626 627 628 629 630 631 632 633 634 635 636 637 638 639 640 641 642 643 644 645 646 647 648 649 650 651 652 653 654 655 656 657 658 659 660 661 662 663 664 665 666 667 668 669 670 671 672 673 674 675 676 677 678 679 680 681 682 683 684 685 686 687 688 689 690 691 692 693 694 695 696 697 698 699 700 701 702 703 704 705 706 707 708 709 710 711 712 713 714 715 716 717 718 719 720 721 722 723 724 725 726 727 728 729 730 731 732 733 734 735 736 737 738 739 740 741 742 743 744 745 746 747 748 749 750 751 752 753 754 755 756 757 758 759 760 761 762 763 764 765 766 767 768 769 770 771 772 773 774 775 776 777 778 779 780 781 782 783 784 785 786 787 788 789 790 791 792 793 794 795 796 797 798 799 800 801 802 803 804 805 806 807 808 809 810 811 812 813 814 815 816 817 818 819 820 821 822 823 824 825 826 827 828 829 830 831 832 833 834 835 836 837 838 839 840 841 842 843 844 845 846 847 848 849 850 851 852 853 854 855 856 857 858 859 860 861 862 863 864 865 866 867 868 869 870 871 872 873 874 875 876 877 878 879 880 881 882 883 884 885 886 887 888 889 890 891 892 893 894 895 896 897 898 899 900 901 902 903 904 905 906 907 908 909 910 911 912 913 914 915 916 917 918 919 920 921 922 923 924 925 926 927 928 929 930 931 932 933 934 935 936 937 938 939 940 941 942 943 944 945 946 947 948 949 950 951 952 953 954 955 956 957 958 959 960 961 962 963 964 965 966 967 968 969 970 971 972 973 974 975 976 977 978 979 980 981 982 983 984 985 986 987 988 989 990 991 992 993 994 995 996 997 998 999 1000 # SOME DESCRIPTIVE TITLE. # Copyright (C) 2001 Python Software Foundation # This file is distributed under the same license as the Python package. # FIRST AUTHOR <EMAIL@ADDRESS>, YEAR. # # Translators: # python-doc bot, 2025 # #, fuzzy msgid "" msgstr "" "Project-Id-Version: Python 3.15\n" "Report-Msgid-Bugs-To: \n" "POT-Creation-Date: 2026-10-01 19:07+0000\n" "PO-Revision-Date: 2025-09-16 00:00+0000\n" "Last-Translator: python-doc bot, 2025\n" "Language-Team: Japanese (https://app.transifex.com/python-doc/teams/5390/" "ja/)\n" "Language: ja\n" "MIME-Version: 1.0\n" "Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8\n" "Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit\n" "Plural-Forms: nplurals=1; plural=0;\n" #: ../../extending/newtypes_tutorial.rst:7 msgid "Defining Extension Types: Tutorial" msgstr "拡張の型の定義: チュートリアル" #: ../../extending/newtypes_tutorial.rst:9 msgid "" "Python allows the writer of a C extension module to define new types that " "can be manipulated from Python code, much like the built-in :class:`str` " "and :class:`list` types. The code for all extension types follows a " "pattern, but there are some details that you need to understand before you " "can get started. This document is a gentle introduction to the topic." msgstr "" "Python では、組み込みの :class:`str` 型や :class:`list` 型のような Python " "コードから操作できる新しい型を C 拡張モジュールの作者が定義できます。\n" "全ての拡張の型のコードはあるパターンに従うのですが、書き始める前に理解してお" "くべき細かいことがあります。\n" "このドキュメントはその話題についてのやさしい入門です。" #: ../../extending/newtypes_tutorial.rst:19 msgid "The Basics" msgstr "基本的なこと" msgid "" "The :term:`CPython` runtime sees all Python objects as variables of " "type :c:expr:`PyObject*`, which serves as a \"base type\" for all Python " "objects. The :c:type:`PyObject` structure itself only contains the " "object's :term:`reference count` and a pointer to the object's \"type " "object\". This is where the action is; the type object determines which (C) " "functions get called by the interpreter when, for instance, an attribute " "gets looked up on an object, a method called, or it is multiplied by another " "object. These C functions are called \"type methods\"." msgstr "" ":term:`CPython` ランタイムは、すべての Python オブジェクト" "を :c:expr:`PyObject*` 型の変数として扱います。\n" "この型はすべての Python オブジェクトの「基底型」の役割を果たします。\n" ":c:type:`PyObject` 構造体自体に含まれるのは、オブジェクトの :term:`参照カウン" "ト <reference count>` と、その「型オブジェクト」へのポインタだけです。\n" "動作を決めるのは、この型オブジェクトです。\n" "例えばオブジェクトの属性を検索するとき、メソッドを呼び出すとき、ほかのオブ" "ジェクトとの乗算を行うときに、インタープリタがどの C 関数を呼び出すかを決定し" "ます。\n" "これらの C 関数を「型メソッド」と呼びます。" #: ../../extending/newtypes_tutorial.rst:30 msgid "" "So, if you want to define a new extension type, you need to create a new " "type object." msgstr "" "それなので、新しい拡張の型を定義したいときは、新しい型オブジェクトを作成すれ" "ばよいわけです。" #: ../../extending/newtypes_tutorial.rst:33 msgid "" "This sort of thing can only be explained by example, so here's a minimal, " "but complete, module that defines a new type named :class:`!Custom` inside a " "C extension module :mod:`!custom`:" msgstr "" "この手のことは例を見たほうが早いでしょうから、以下に C 拡張モジュール :mod:`!" "custom` にある :class:`!Custom` という名前の新しい型を定義する、最小限ながら" "完全なモジュールをあげておきます:" #: ../../extending/newtypes_tutorial.rst:38 msgid "" "What we're showing here is the traditional way of defining *static* " "extension types. It should be adequate for most uses. The C API also " "allows defining heap-allocated extension types using " "the :c:func:`PyType_FromSpec` function, which isn't covered in this tutorial." msgstr "" "ここで紹介している例は、 *静的な* 拡張の型を定義する伝統的な実装方法です。\n" "これはほとんどの場面で十分なものなのです。\n" "C API では、 :c:func:`PyType_FromSpec` 関数を使い、ヒープ上に配置された拡張の" "型も定義できますが、これについてはこのチュートリアルでは扱いません。" msgid "" "#define PY_SSIZE_T_CLEAN\n" "#include <Python.h>\n" "\n" "typedef struct {\n" " PyObject_HEAD\n" " /* Type-specific fields go here. */\n" "} CustomObject;\n" "\n" "static PyTypeObject CustomType = {\n" " .ob_base = PyVarObject_HEAD_INIT(NULL, 0)\n" " .tp_name = \"custom.Custom\",\n" " .tp_doc = PyDoc_STR(\"Custom objects\"),\n" " .tp_basicsize = sizeof(CustomObject),\n" " .tp_itemsize = 0,\n" " .tp_flags = Py_TPFLAGS_DEFAULT,\n" " .tp_new = PyType_GenericNew,\n" "};\n" "\n" "static int\n" "custom_module_exec(PyObject *m)\n" "{\n" " if (PyType_Ready(&CustomType) < 0) {\n" " return -1;\n" " }\n" "\n" " if (PyModule_AddObjectRef(m, \"Custom\", (PyObject *) &CustomType) < 0) " "{\n" " return -1;\n" " }\n" "\n" " return 0;\n" "}\n" "\n" "static PyModuleDef_Slot custom_module_slots[] = {\n" " {Py_mod_exec, custom_module_exec},\n" " // Just use this while using static types\n" " {Py_mod_multiple_interpreters, " "Py_MOD_MULTIPLE_INTERPRETERS_NOT_SUPPORTED},\n" " {0, NULL}\n" "};\n" "\n" "static PyModuleDef custom_module = {\n" " .m_base = PyModuleDef_HEAD_INIT,\n" " .m_name = \"custom\",\n" " .m_doc = \"Example module that creates an extension type.\",\n" " .m_size = 0,\n" " .m_slots = custom_module_slots,\n" "};\n" "\n" "PyMODINIT_FUNC\n" "PyInit_custom(void)\n" "{\n" " return PyModuleDef_Init(&custom_module);\n" "}\n" msgstr "" "#define PY_SSIZE_T_CLEAN\n" "#include <Python.h>\n" "\n" "typedef struct {\n" " PyObject_HEAD\n" " /* 型固有のフィールドをここに記述します。 */\n" "} CustomObject;\n" "\n" "static PyTypeObject CustomType = {\n" " .ob_base = PyVarObject_HEAD_INIT(NULL, 0)\n" " .tp_name = \"custom.Custom\",\n" " .tp_doc = PyDoc_STR(\"Custom オブジェクト\"),\n" " .tp_basicsize = sizeof(CustomObject),\n" " .tp_itemsize = 0,\n" " .tp_flags = Py_TPFLAGS_DEFAULT,\n" " .tp_new = PyType_GenericNew,\n" "};\n" "\n" "static int\n" "custom_module_exec(PyObject *m)\n" "{\n" " if (PyType_Ready(&CustomType) < 0) {\n" " return -1;\n" " }\n" "\n" " if (PyModule_AddObjectRef(m, \"Custom\", (PyObject *) &CustomType) < 0) " "{\n" " return -1;\n" " }\n" "\n" " return 0;\n" "}\n" "\n" "static PyModuleDef_Slot custom_module_slots[] = {\n" " {Py_mod_exec, custom_module_exec},\n" " // 静的な型を使う間はこの設定を使う\n" " {Py_mod_multiple_interpreters, " "Py_MOD_MULTIPLE_INTERPRETERS_NOT_SUPPORTED},\n" " {0, NULL}\n" "};\n" "\n" "static PyModuleDef custom_module = {\n" " .m_base = PyModuleDef_HEAD_INIT,\n" " .m_name = \"custom\",\n" " .m_doc = \"拡張型を作成するサンプルモジュール。\",\n" " .m_size = 0,\n" " .m_slots = custom_module_slots,\n" "};\n" "\n" "PyMODINIT_FUNC\n" "PyInit_custom(void)\n" "{\n" " return PyModuleDef_Init(&custom_module);\n" "}\n" msgid "" "Now that's quite a bit to take in at once, but hopefully bits will seem " "familiar from the previous chapter. This file defines three things:" msgstr "" "一度に理解するにはかなりの量ですが、前の章で見たことのある部分もあるでしょ" "う。\n" "このファイルでは、次の三つを定義しています。" #: ../../extending/newtypes_tutorial.rst:48 msgid "" "What a :class:`!Custom` **object** contains: this is the ``CustomObject`` " "struct, which is allocated once for each :class:`!Custom` instance." msgstr "" ":class:`!Custom` **オブジェクト** が何を含んでいるか: これが " "``CustomObject`` 構造体で、 :class:`!Custom` インスタンスごとに1回だけメモリ" "確保が行われます。" #: ../../extending/newtypes_tutorial.rst:50 msgid "" "How the :class:`!Custom` **type** behaves: this is the ``CustomType`` " "struct, which defines a set of flags and function pointers that the " "interpreter inspects when specific operations are requested." msgstr "" ":class:`!Custom` **型** がどのように振る舞うか: これが ``CustomType`` 構造体" "で、フラグと関数ポインタの集まりを定義しています。特定の操作が要求されたとき" "に、この関数ポインタをインタープリターが見に行きます。" msgid "" "How to define and execute the :mod:`!custom` module: this is the " "``PyInit_custom`` function and the associated ``custom_module`` struct for " "defining the module, and the ``custom_module_exec`` function to set up a " "fresh module object." msgstr "" ":mod:`!custom` モジュールをどう定義し、実行するか。\n" "モジュールを定義する ``PyInit_custom`` 関数と、それに関連する " "``custom_module`` 構造体、および新しいモジュールオブジェクトを設定する " "``custom_module_exec`` 関数がこれに当たります。" #: ../../extending/newtypes_tutorial.rst:58 msgid "The first bit is::" msgstr "まず最初はこれです::" msgid "" "typedef struct {\n" " PyObject_HEAD\n" "} CustomObject;" msgstr "" "typedef struct {\n" " PyObject_HEAD\n" "} CustomObject;" msgid "" "This is what a Custom object will contain. ``PyObject_HEAD`` is mandatory " "at the start of each object struct and defines a field called ``ob_base`` of " "type :c:type:`PyObject`, containing a pointer to a type object and a " "reference count (these can be accessed using the macros :c:macro:`Py_TYPE` " "and :c:macro:`Py_REFCNT` respectively). The reason for the macro is to " "abstract away the layout and to enable additional fields in :ref:`debug " "builds <debug-build>`." msgstr "" "これが Custom オブジェクトの内容です。\n" "各オブジェクト構造体の先頭には ``PyObject_HEAD`` が必須で、これ" "は :c:type:`PyObject` 型の ``ob_base`` というフィールドを定義します。\n" "このフィールドには型オブジェクトへのポインタと参照カウントが含まれ、それぞ" "れ :c:macro:`Py_TYPE` と :c:macro:`Py_REFCNT` マクロでアクセスできます。\n" "このマクロはレイアウトを抽象化し、:ref:`デバッグビルド <debug-build>` で" "フィールドを追加できるようにするためのものです。" #: ../../extending/newtypes_tutorial.rst:73 msgid "" "There is no semicolon above after the :c:macro:`PyObject_HEAD` macro. Be " "wary of adding one by accident: some compilers will complain." msgstr "" "上の例では :c:macro:`PyObject_HEAD` マクロの後にセミコロンはありません。\n" "うっかりセミコロンを追加しないように気を付けてください: これを警告するコンパ" "イラもあります。" #: ../../extending/newtypes_tutorial.rst:76 msgid "" "Of course, objects generally store additional data besides the standard " "``PyObject_HEAD`` boilerplate; for example, here is the definition for " "standard Python floats::" msgstr "" "もちろん、一般的にはオブジェクトは標準的な ``PyObject_HEAD`` ボイラープレート" "の他にもデータを保持しています; 例えば、これは Python 標準の浮動小数点数の定" "義です::" msgid "" "typedef struct {\n" " PyObject_HEAD\n" " double ob_fval;\n" "} PyFloatObject;" msgstr "" "typedef struct {\n" " PyObject_HEAD\n" " double ob_fval;\n" "} PyFloatObject;" #: ../../extending/newtypes_tutorial.rst:85 msgid "The second bit is the definition of the type object. ::" msgstr "2つ目は型オブジェクトの定義です。 ::" msgid "" "static PyTypeObject CustomType = {\n" " .ob_base = PyVarObject_HEAD_INIT(NULL, 0)\n" " .tp_name = \"custom.Custom\",\n" " .tp_doc = PyDoc_STR(\"Custom objects\"),\n" " .tp_basicsize = sizeof(CustomObject),\n" " .tp_itemsize = 0,\n" " .tp_flags = Py_TPFLAGS_DEFAULT,\n" " .tp_new = PyType_GenericNew,\n" "};" msgstr "" "static PyTypeObject CustomType = {\n" " .ob_base = PyVarObject_HEAD_INIT(NULL, 0)\n" " .tp_name = \"custom.Custom\",\n" " .tp_doc = PyDoc_STR(\"Custom オブジェクト\"),\n" " .tp_basicsize = sizeof(CustomObject),\n" " .tp_itemsize = 0,\n" " .tp_flags = Py_TPFLAGS_DEFAULT,\n" " .tp_new = PyType_GenericNew,\n" "};" #: ../../extending/newtypes_tutorial.rst:98 msgid "" "We recommend using C99-style designated initializers as above, to avoid " "listing all the :c:type:`PyTypeObject` fields that you don't care about and " "also to avoid caring about the fields' declaration order." msgstr "" "上にあるように C99 スタイルの指示付き初期化子を使っ" "て、 :c:type:`PyTypeObject` の特に関心の無いフィールドまで全て並べたり、" "フィールドを宣言する順序に気を使ったりせずに済ませるのをお薦めします。" #: ../../extending/newtypes_tutorial.rst:102 msgid "" "The actual definition of :c:type:`PyTypeObject` in :file:`object.h` has many " "more :ref:`fields <type-structs>` than the definition above. The remaining " "fields will be filled with zeros by the C compiler, and it's common practice " "to not specify them explicitly unless you need them." msgstr "" ":file:`object.h` にある実際の :c:type:`PyTypeObject` の定義には上の定義にある" "よりももっと多くの :ref:`フィールド <type-structs>` があります。\n" "ここに出てきていないフィールドは C コンパイラによってゼロで埋められるので、必" "要でない限り明示的には値の指定をしないのが一般的な作法になっています。" #: ../../extending/newtypes_tutorial.rst:107 msgid "We're going to pick it apart, one field at a time::" msgstr "一度に1つずつフィールドを取り上げていきましょう::" msgid ".ob_base = PyVarObject_HEAD_INIT(NULL, 0)" msgstr ".ob_base = PyVarObject_HEAD_INIT(NULL, 0)" msgid "" "This line is mandatory boilerplate to initialize the ``ob_base`` field " "mentioned above. ::" msgstr "" "この行は、上で説明した ``ob_base`` フィールドを初期化するために必要な定型的な" "記述です。 ::" msgid ".tp_name = \"custom.Custom\"," msgstr ".tp_name = \"custom.Custom\"," #: ../../extending/newtypes_tutorial.rst:116 msgid "" "The name of our type. This will appear in the default textual " "representation of our objects and in some error messages, for example:" msgstr "" "実装している型の名前です。\n" "これは、オブジェクトのデフォルトの文字列表現やエラーメッセージに現れます。例" "えば次の通りです:" msgid "" ">>> \"\" + custom.Custom()\n" "Traceback (most recent call last):\n" " File \"<stdin>\", line 1, in <module>\n" "TypeError: can only concatenate str (not \"custom.Custom\") to str" msgstr "" ">>> \"\" + custom.Custom()\n" "Traceback (most recent call last):\n" " File \"<stdin>\", line 1, in <module>\n" "TypeError: can only concatenate str (not \"custom.Custom\") to str" msgid "" "Note that the name is a dotted name that includes both the module name and " "the name of the type within the module. The module in this case is :mod:`!" "custom` and the type is :class:`!Custom`, so we set the type name " "to :class:`!custom.Custom`. Using the real dotted import path is important " "to make your type compatible with the :mod:`pydoc` and :mod:`pickle` " "modules. ::" msgstr "" "型の名前は、モジュール名とモジュール内の型の名前をドットでつないだ名前で" "す。\n" "この場合、モジュールは :mod:`!custom`、型は :class:`!Custom` なので、型の名前" "を :class:`!custom.Custom` に設定します。\n" "この型を :mod:`pydoc` や :mod:`pickle` モジュールと互換性のあるものにするに" "は、実際のドット付きインポートパスを使うことが重要です。 ::" msgid "" ".tp_basicsize = sizeof(CustomObject),\n" ".tp_itemsize = 0," msgstr "" ".tp_basicsize = sizeof(CustomObject),\n" ".tp_itemsize = 0," #: ../../extending/newtypes_tutorial.rst:135 msgid "" "This is so that Python knows how much memory to allocate when creating " "new :class:`!Custom` instances. :c:member:`~PyTypeObject.tp_itemsize` is " "only used for variable-sized objects and should otherwise be zero." msgstr "" "これは、新しい :class:`!Custom` インスタンスを作るときに Python が割り当てる" "べきメモリがどのくらいなのかを知るためのもので" "す。 :c:member:`~PyTypeObject.tp_itemsize` は可変サイズのオブジェクトでのみ使" "うものなので、サイズが可変でないオブジェクトでは 0 にすべきです。" msgid "" "If you want your type to be subclassable from Python, and your type has the " "same :c:member:`~PyTypeObject.tp_basicsize` as its base type, you may have " "problems with multiple inheritance. A Python subclass of your type will " "have to list your type first in its :attr:`~type.__bases__`, or else it will " "not be able to call your type's :meth:`~object.__new__` method without " "getting an error. You can avoid this problem by ensuring that your type has " "a larger value for :c:member:`~PyTypeObject.tp_basicsize` than its base type " "does. Most of the time, this will be true anyway, because either your base " "type will be :class:`object`, or else you will be adding data members to " "your base type, and therefore increasing its size." msgstr "" "Python からサブクラスを作成できる型で、そ" "の :c:member:`~PyTypeObject.tp_basicsize` が基底型と同じ場合は、多重継承で問" "題が起こる可能性があります。\n" "その型の Python サブクラスでは、:attr:`~type.__bases__` の先頭にその型を指定" "しないと、その型の :meth:`~object.__new__` メソッドを呼び出す際にエラーが発生" "します。\n" "この問題は、型の :c:member:`~PyTypeObject.tp_basicsize` を基底型より大きな値" "にすることで避けられます。\n" "たいていの場合、基底型が :class:`object` であるか、基底型にデータメンバを追加" "してサイズを増やすので、すでにこの条件を満たしています。" #: ../../extending/newtypes_tutorial.rst:151 msgid "We set the class flags to :c:macro:`Py_TPFLAGS_DEFAULT`. ::" msgstr ":c:macro:`Py_TPFLAGS_DEFAULT` にクラスフラグを設定します。 ::" msgid ".tp_flags = Py_TPFLAGS_DEFAULT," msgstr ".tp_flags = Py_TPFLAGS_DEFAULT," #: ../../extending/newtypes_tutorial.rst:155 msgid "" "All types should include this constant in their flags. It enables all of " "the members defined until at least Python 3.3. If you need further members, " "you will need to OR the corresponding flags." msgstr "" "すべての型はフラグにこの定数を含めておく必要があります。これは最低でも " "Python 3.3 までに定義されているすべてのメンバを許可します。それ以上のメンバが" "必要なら、対応するフラグの OR をとる必要があります。" #: ../../extending/newtypes_tutorial.rst:159 msgid "" "We provide a doc string for the type in :c:member:`~PyTypeObject.tp_doc`. ::" msgstr "この型の docstring は :c:member:`~PyTypeObject.tp_doc` に入れます。 ::" msgid ".tp_doc = PyDoc_STR(\"Custom objects\")," msgstr ".tp_doc = PyDoc_STR(\"Custom オブジェクト\")," #: ../../extending/newtypes_tutorial.rst:163 msgid "" "To enable object creation, we have to provide " "a :c:member:`~PyTypeObject.tp_new` handler. This is the equivalent of the " "Python method :meth:`~object.__new__`, but has to be specified explicitly. " "In this case, we can just use the default implementation provided by the API " "function :c:func:`PyType_GenericNew`. ::" msgstr "" "オブジェクトが生成できるように、 :c:member:`~PyTypeObject.tp_new` ハンドラを" "提供する必要があります。これは Python のメソッド :meth:`~object.__new__` と同" "等のものですが、明示的に与える必要があります。今の場合では、 API 関数" "の :c:func:`PyType_GenericNew` として提供されるデフォルトの実装をそのまま使え" "ます。 ::" msgid ".tp_new = PyType_GenericNew," msgstr ".tp_new = PyType_GenericNew," msgid "" "Everything else in the file should be familiar, except for some code " "in :c:func:`!custom_module_exec`::" msgstr "" "ファイル内の残りの部分は、:c:func:`!custom_module_exec` の一部を除いて、すで" "に見慣れたものでしょう。 ::" msgid "" "if (PyType_Ready(&CustomType) < 0) {\n" " return -1;\n" "}" msgstr "" "if (PyType_Ready(&CustomType) < 0) {\n" " return -1;\n" "}" #: ../../extending/newtypes_tutorial.rst:177 msgid "" "This initializes the :class:`!Custom` type, filling in a number of members " "to the appropriate default values, including :c:member:`~PyObject.ob_type` " "that we initially set to ``NULL``. ::" msgstr "" "これは、 ``NULL`` に初期化された :c:member:`~PyObject.ob_type` も含めて、いく" "つかのメンバーを適切なデフォルト値で埋めて、 :class:`!Custom` 型を初期化しま" "す。 ::" msgid "" "if (PyModule_AddObjectRef(m, \"Custom\", (PyObject *) &CustomType) < 0) {\n" " return -1;\n" "}" msgstr "" "if (PyModule_AddObjectRef(m, \"Custom\", (PyObject *) &CustomType) < 0) {\n" " return -1;\n" "}" #: ../../extending/newtypes_tutorial.rst:185 msgid "" "This adds the type to the module dictionary. This allows us to " "create :class:`!Custom` instances by calling the :class:`!Custom` class:" msgstr "" "これは型をモジュールの辞書に追加します。こうすることで :class:`!Custom` クラ" "スの呼び出しで :class:`!Custom` インスタンスが作成できるようになります:" msgid "" ">>> import custom\n" ">>> mycustom = custom.Custom()" msgstr "" ">>> import custom\n" ">>> mycustom = custom.Custom()" #: ../../extending/newtypes_tutorial.rst:193 msgid "" "That's it! All that remains is to build it; put the above code in a file " "called :file:`custom.c`," msgstr "" "以上です!残りの作業はビルドだけです; :file:`custom.c` という名前のファイルに" "ここまでのコードを書き込み、" msgid "" "[build-system]\n" "requires = [\"setuptools\"]\n" "build-backend = \"setuptools.build_meta\"\n" "\n" "[project]\n" "name = \"custom\"\n" "version = \"1\"\n" msgstr "" "[build-system]\n" "requires = [\"setuptools\"]\n" "build-backend = \"setuptools.build_meta\"\n" "\n" "[project]\n" "name = \"custom\"\n" "version = \"1\"\n" #: ../../extending/newtypes_tutorial.rst:198 msgid "in a file called :file:`pyproject.toml`, and" msgstr ":file:`pyproject.toml` というファイルにこれを書き込み、" msgid "" "from setuptools import Extension, setup\n" "setup(ext_modules=[Extension(\"custom\", [\"custom.c\"])])" msgstr "" "from setuptools import Extension, setup\n" "setup(ext_modules=[Extension(\"custom\", [\"custom.c\"])])" #: ../../extending/newtypes_tutorial.rst:205 msgid "in a file called :file:`setup.py`; then typing" msgstr "" "そして :file:`setup.py` というファイルにこのように書き込み、そして、以下のよ" "うに" msgid "$ python -m pip install ." msgstr "$ python -m pip install ." #: ../../extending/newtypes_tutorial.rst:211 msgid "" "in a shell should produce a file :file:`custom.so` in a subdirectory and " "install it; now fire up Python --- you should be able to ``import custom`` " "and play around with ``Custom`` objects." msgstr "" "シェルに入力します。これにより、サブディレクトリに :file:`custom.so` が生成さ" "れ、インストールされます。これで、 Python を立ち上げて、 ``import custom`` す" "ると ``Custom`` オブジェクトで遊べるようになっているはずです。" #: ../../extending/newtypes_tutorial.rst:215 msgid "That wasn't so hard, was it?" msgstr "そんなにむずかしくありません、よね?" #: ../../extending/newtypes_tutorial.rst:217 msgid "" "Of course, the current Custom type is pretty uninteresting. It has no data " "and doesn't do anything. It can't even be subclassed." msgstr "" "もちろん、現在の Custom 型は面白みに欠けています。何もデータを持っていない" "し、何もできません。継承してサブクラスを作ることさえできないのです。" #: ../../extending/newtypes_tutorial.rst:222 msgid "Adding data and methods to the Basic example" msgstr "基本のサンプルにデータとメソッドを追加する" #: ../../extending/newtypes_tutorial.rst:224 msgid "" "Let's extend the basic example to add some data and methods. Let's also " "make the type usable as a base class. We'll create a new module, :mod:`!" "custom2` that adds these capabilities:" msgstr "" "この基本のサンプルにデータとメソッドを追加してみましょう。ついでに、この型を" "基底クラスとしても利用できるようにします。ここでは新しいモジュール :mod:`!" "custom2` をつくり、これらの機能を追加します:" msgid "" "#define PY_SSIZE_T_CLEAN\n" "#include <Python.h>\n" "#include <stddef.h> /* for offsetof() */\n" "\n" "typedef struct {\n" " PyObject_HEAD\n" " PyObject *first; /* first name */\n" " PyObject *last; /* last name */\n" " int number;\n" "} CustomObject;\n" "\n" "static void\n" "Custom_dealloc(PyObject *op)\n" "{\n" " CustomObject *self = (CustomObject *) op;\n" " Py_XDECREF(self->first);\n" " Py_XDECREF(self->last);\n" " Py_TYPE(self)->tp_free(self);\n" "}\n" "\n" "static PyObject *\n" "Custom_new(PyTypeObject *type, PyObject *args, PyObject *kwds)\n" "{\n" " CustomObject *self;\n" " self = (CustomObject *) type->tp_alloc(type, 0);\n" " if (self != NULL) {\n" " self->first = Py_GetConstant(Py_CONSTANT_EMPTY_STR);\n" " if (self->first == NULL) {\n" " Py_DECREF(self);\n" " return NULL;\n" " }\n" " self->last = Py_GetConstant(Py_CONSTANT_EMPTY_STR);\n" " if (self->last == NULL) {\n" " Py_DECREF(self);\n" " return NULL;\n" " }\n" " self->number = 0;\n" " }\n" " return (PyObject *) self;\n" "}\n" "\n" "static int\n" "Custom_init(PyObject *op, PyObject *args, PyObject *kwds)\n" "{\n" " CustomObject *self = (CustomObject *) op;\n" " static char *kwlist[] = {\"first\", \"last\", \"number\", NULL};\n" " PyObject *first = NULL, *last = NULL;\n" "\n" " if (!PyArg_ParseTupleAndKeywords(args, kwds, \"|OOi\", kwlist,\n" " &first, &last,\n" " &self->number))\n" " return -1;\n" "\n" " if (first) {\n" " Py_XSETREF(self->first, Py_NewRef(first));\n" " }\n" " if (last) {\n" " Py_XSETREF(self->last, Py_NewRef(last));\n" " }\n" " return 0;\n" "}\n" "\n" "static PyMemberDef Custom_members[] = {\n" " {\"first\", Py_T_OBJECT_EX, offsetof(CustomObject, first), 0,\n" " \"first name\"},\n" " {\"last\", Py_T_OBJECT_EX, offsetof(CustomObject, last), 0,\n" " \"last name\"},\n" " {\"number\", Py_T_INT, offsetof(CustomObject, number), 0,\n" " \"custom number\"},\n" " {NULL} /* Sentinel */\n" "};\n" "\n" "static PyObject *\n" "Custom_name(PyObject *op, PyObject *Py_UNUSED(dummy))\n" "{\n" " CustomObject *self = (CustomObject *) op;\n" " if (self->first == NULL) {\n" " PyErr_SetString(PyExc_AttributeError, \"first\");\n" " return NULL;\n" " }\n" " if (self->last == NULL) {\n" " PyErr_SetString(PyExc_AttributeError, \"last\");\n" " return NULL;\n" " }\n" " return PyUnicode_FromFormat(\"%S %S\", self->first, self->last);\n" "}\n" "\n" "static PyMethodDef Custom_methods[] = {\n" " {\"name\", Custom_name, METH_NOARGS,\n" " \"Return the name, combining the first and last name\"\n" " },\n" " {NULL} /* Sentinel */\n" "};\n" "\n" "static PyTypeObject CustomType = {\n" " .ob_base = PyVarObject_HEAD_INIT(NULL, 0)\n" " .tp_name = \"custom2.Custom\",\n" " .tp_doc = PyDoc_STR(\"Custom objects\"),\n" " .tp_basicsize = sizeof(CustomObject),\n" " .tp_itemsize = 0,\n" " .tp_flags = Py_TPFLAGS_DEFAULT | Py_TPFLAGS_BASETYPE,\n" " .tp_new = Custom_new,\n" " .tp_init = Custom_init,\n" " .tp_dealloc = Custom_dealloc,\n" " .tp_members = Custom_members,\n" " .tp_methods = Custom_methods,\n" "};\n" "\n" "static int\n" "custom_module_exec(PyObject *m)\n" "{\n" " if (PyType_Ready(&CustomType) < 0) {\n" " return -1;\n" " }\n" "\n" " if (PyModule_AddObjectRef(m, \"Custom\", (PyObject *) &CustomType) < 0) " "{\n" " return -1;\n" " }\n" "\n" " return 0;\n" "}\n" "\n" "static PyModuleDef_Slot custom_module_slots[] = {\n" " {Py_mod_exec, custom_module_exec},\n" " {Py_mod_multiple_interpreters, " "Py_MOD_MULTIPLE_INTERPRETERS_NOT_SUPPORTED},\n" " {0, NULL}\n" "};\n" "\n" "static PyModuleDef custom_module = {\n" " .m_base = PyModuleDef_HEAD_INIT,\n" " .m_name = \"custom2\",\n" " .m_doc = \"Example module that creates an extension type.\",\n" " .m_size = 0,\n" " .m_slots = custom_module_slots,\n" "};\n" "\n" "PyMODINIT_FUNC\n" "PyInit_custom2(void)\n" "{\n" " return PyModuleDef_Init(&custom_module);\n" "}\n" msgstr "" "#define PY_SSIZE_T_CLEAN\n" "#include <Python.h>\n" "#include <stddef.h> /* offsetof() 用 */\n" "\n" "typedef struct {\n" " PyObject_HEAD\n" " PyObject *first; /* ファーストネーム */\n" " PyObject *last; /* ラストネーム */\n" " int number;\n" "} CustomObject;\n" "\n" "static void\n" "Custom_dealloc(PyObject *op)\n" "{\n" " CustomObject *self = (CustomObject *) op;\n" " Py_XDECREF(self->first);\n" " Py_XDECREF(self->last);\n" " Py_TYPE(self)->tp_free(self);\n" "}\n" "\n" "static PyObject *\n" "Custom_new(PyTypeObject *type, PyObject *args, PyObject *kwds)\n" "{\n" " CustomObject *self;\n" " self = (CustomObject *) type->tp_alloc(type, 0);\n" " if (self != NULL) {\n" " self->first = Py_GetConstant(Py_CONSTANT_EMPTY_STR);\n" " if (self->first == NULL) {\n" " Py_DECREF(self);\n" " return NULL;\n" " }\n" " self->last = Py_GetConstant(Py_CONSTANT_EMPTY_STR);\n" " if (self->last == NULL) {\n" " Py_DECREF(self);\n" " return NULL;\n" " }\n" " self->number = 0;\n" " }\n" " return (PyObject *) self;\n" "}\n" "\n" "static int\n" "Custom_init(PyObject *op, PyObject *args, PyObject *kwds)\n" "{\n" " CustomObject *self = (CustomObject *) op;\n" " static char *kwlist[] = {\"first\", \"last\", \"number\", NULL};\n" " PyObject *first = NULL, *last = NULL;\n" "\n" " if (!PyArg_ParseTupleAndKeywords(args, kwds, \"|OOi\", kwlist,\n" " &first, &last,\n" " &self->number))\n" " return -1;\n" "\n" " if (first) {\n" " Py_XSETREF(self->first, Py_NewRef(first));\n" " }\n" " if (last) {\n" " Py_XSETREF(self->last, Py_NewRef(last));\n" " }\n" " return 0;\n" "}\n" "\n" "static PyMemberDef Custom_members[] = {\n" " {\"first\", Py_T_OBJECT_EX, offsetof(CustomObject, first), 0,\n" " \"ファーストネーム\"},\n" " {\"last\", Py_T_OBJECT_EX, offsetof(CustomObject, last), 0,\n" " \"ラストネーム\"},\n" " {\"number\", Py_T_INT, offsetof(CustomObject, number), 0,\n" " \"独自の数値\"},\n" " {NULL} /* 番兵 */\n" "};\n" "\n" "static PyObject *\n" "Custom_name(PyObject *op, PyObject *Py_UNUSED(dummy))\n" "{\n" " CustomObject *self = (CustomObject *) op;\n" " if (self->first == NULL) {\n" " PyErr_SetString(PyExc_AttributeError, \"first\");\n" " return NULL;\n" " }\n" " if (self->last == NULL) {\n" " PyErr_SetString(PyExc_AttributeError, \"last\");\n" " return NULL;\n" " }\n" " return PyUnicode_FromFormat(\"%S %S\", self->first, self->last);\n" "}\n" "\n" "static PyMethodDef Custom_methods[] = {\n" " {\"name\", Custom_name, METH_NOARGS,\n" " \"ファーストネームとラストネームを連結した名前を返す\"\n" " },\n" " {NULL} /* 番兵 */\n" "};\n" "\n" "static PyTypeObject CustomType = {\n" " .ob_base = PyVarObject_HEAD_INIT(NULL, 0)\n" " .tp_name = \"custom2.Custom\",\n" " .tp_doc = PyDoc_STR(\"Custom オブジェクト\"),\n" " .tp_basicsize = sizeof(CustomObject),\n" " .tp_itemsize = 0,\n" " .tp_flags = Py_TPFLAGS_DEFAULT | Py_TPFLAGS_BASETYPE,\n" " .tp_new = Custom_new,\n" " .tp_init = Custom_init,\n" " .tp_dealloc = Custom_dealloc,\n" " .tp_members = Custom_members,\n" " .tp_methods = Custom_methods,\n" "};\n" "\n" "static int\n" "custom_module_exec(PyObject *m)\n" "{\n" " if (PyType_Ready(&CustomType) < 0) {\n" " return -1;\n" " }\n" "\n" " if (PyModule_AddObjectRef(m, \"Custom\", (PyObject *) &CustomType) < 0) " "{\n" " return -1;\n" " }\n" "\n" " return 0;\n" "}\n" "\n" "static PyModuleDef_Slot custom_module_slots[] = {\n" " {Py_mod_exec, custom_module_exec},\n" " {Py_mod_multiple_interpreters, " "Py_MOD_MULTIPLE_INTERPRETERS_NOT_SUPPORTED},\n" " {0, NULL}\n" "};\n" "\n" "static PyModuleDef custom_module = {\n" " .m_base = PyModuleDef_HEAD_INIT,\n" " .m_name = \"custom2\",\n" " .m_doc = \"拡張型を作成するサンプルモジュール。\",\n" " .m_size = 0,\n" " .m_slots = custom_module_slots,\n" "};\n" "\n" "PyMODINIT_FUNC\n" "PyInit_custom2(void)\n" "{\n" " return PyModuleDef_Init(&custom_module);\n" "}\n" #: ../../extending/newtypes_tutorial.rst:231 msgid "This version of the module has a number of changes." msgstr "モジュールのこのバージョンでは、いくつもの変更をおこないます。" #: ../../extending/newtypes_tutorial.rst:233 msgid "" "The :class:`!Custom` type now has three data attributes in its C struct, " "*first*, *last*, and *number*. The *first* and *last* variables are Python " "strings containing first and last names. The *number* attribute is a C " "integer." msgstr "" ":class:`!Custom` 型は そのC構造体に 3つのデータ属性 *first* 、 *last* 、およ" "び *number* をもつようになりました。 *first* と *last* 属性はファーストネーム" "とラストネームを格納した Python 文字列で、 *number* 属性は C言語での整数の値" "です。" #: ../../extending/newtypes_tutorial.rst:237 msgid "The object structure is updated accordingly::" msgstr "これにしたがうと、オブジェクトの構造体は次のようになります::" msgid "" "typedef struct {\n" " PyObject_HEAD\n" " PyObject *first; /* first name */\n" " PyObject *last; /* last name */\n" " int number;\n" "} CustomObject;" msgstr "" "typedef struct {\n" " PyObject_HEAD\n" " PyObject *first; /* ファーストネーム */\n" " PyObject *last; /* ラストネーム */\n" " int number;\n" "} CustomObject;" #: ../../extending/newtypes_tutorial.rst:246 msgid "" "Because we now have data to manage, we have to be more careful about object " "allocation and deallocation. At a minimum, we need a deallocation method::" msgstr "" "いまや管理すべきデータができたので、オブジェクトの割り当てと解放に際してはよ" "り慎重になる必要があります。最低限、オブジェクトの解放メソッドが必要です::" msgid "" "static void\n" "Custom_dealloc(PyObject *op)\n" "{\n" " CustomObject *self = (CustomObject *) op;\n" " Py_XDECREF(self->first);\n" " Py_XDECREF(self->last);\n" " Py_TYPE(self)->tp_free(self);\n" "}" msgstr "" "static void\n" "Custom_dealloc(PyObject *op)\n" "{\n" " CustomObject *self = (CustomObject *) op;\n" " Py_XDECREF(self->first);\n" " Py_XDECREF(self->last);\n" " Py_TYPE(self)->tp_free(self);\n" "}" #: ../../extending/newtypes_tutorial.rst:258 msgid "which is assigned to the :c:member:`~PyTypeObject.tp_dealloc` member::" msgstr "" "この関数は :c:member:`~PyTypeObject.tp_dealloc` メンバに代入されます。 ::" msgid ".tp_dealloc = Custom_dealloc," msgstr ".tp_dealloc = Custom_dealloc," #: ../../extending/newtypes_tutorial.rst:262 msgid "" "This method first clears the reference counts of the two Python " "attributes. :c:func:`Py_XDECREF` correctly handles the case where its " "argument is ``NULL`` (which might happen here if ``tp_new`` failed midway). " "It then calls the :c:member:`~PyTypeObject.tp_free` member of the object's " "type (computed by ``Py_TYPE(self)``) to free the object's memory. Note that " "the object's type might not be :class:`!CustomType`, because the object may " "be an instance of a subclass." msgstr "" "このメソッドは、まず二つのPython 属性の参照カウントをクリアしま" "す。 :c:func:`Py_XDECREF` は引数が ``NULL`` のケースを正しく扱えます (これ" "は、``tp_new`` が途中で失敗した場合に起こりえます) 。このメソッドは、つぎにオ" "ブジェクトの型 (``Py_TYPE(self)`` で算出します) のメン" "バ :c:member:`~PyTypeObject.tp_free` を呼び出し、オブジェクトのメモリを開放し" "ます。オブジェクトの型が :class:`!CustomType` であるとは限らない点に注意して" "ください。なぜなら、オブジェクトはサブクラスのインスタンスかもしれないからで" "す。" msgid "" "The explicit cast to ``CustomObject *`` above is needed because we defined " "``Custom_dealloc`` to take a ``PyObject *`` argument, as the ``tp_dealloc`` " |
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