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GeezerVison is showing github.com — python-docs-ja/tutorial/stdlib2.po at 3.15 · python/python-docs-ja Expand file tree/ Copy pathstdlib2.poMore file actions 843 lines (778 loc) · 35.8 KB / Copy pathstdlib2.poFile metadata and controls843 lines (778 loc) · 35.8 KB 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 56 57 58 59 60 61 62 63 64 65 66 67 68 69 70 71 72 73 74 75 76 77 78 79 80 81 82 83 84 85 86 87 88 89 90 91 92 93 94 95 96 97 98 99 100 101 102 103 104 105 106 107 108 109 110 111 112 113 114 115 116 117 118 119 120 121 122 123 124 125 126 127 128 129 130 131 132 133 134 135 136 137 138 139 140 141 142 143 144 145 146 147 148 149 150 151 152 153 154 155 156 157 158 159 160 161 162 163 164 165 166 167 168 169 170 171 172 173 174 175 176 177 178 179 180 181 182 183 184 185 186 187 188 189 190 191 192 193 194 195 196 197 198 199 200 201 202 203 204 205 206 207 208 209 210 211 212 213 214 215 216 217 218 219 220 221 222 223 224 225 226 227 228 229 230 231 232 233 234 235 236 237 238 239 240 241 242 243 244 245 246 247 248 249 250 251 252 253 254 255 256 257 258 259 260 261 262 263 264 265 266 267 268 269 270 271 272 273 274 275 276 277 278 279 280 281 282 283 284 285 286 287 288 289 290 291 292 293 294 295 296 297 298 299 300 301 302 303 304 305 306 307 308 309 310 311 312 313 314 315 316 317 318 319 320 321 322 323 324 325 326 327 328 329 330 331 332 333 334 335 336 337 338 339 340 341 342 343 344 345 346 347 348 349 350 351 352 353 354 355 356 357 358 359 360 361 362 363 364 365 366 367 368 369 370 371 372 373 374 375 376 377 378 379 380 381 382 383 384 385 386 387 388 389 390 391 392 393 394 395 396 397 398 399 400 401 402 403 404 405 406 407 408 409 410 411 412 413 414 415 416 417 418 419 420 421 422 423 424 425 426 427 428 429 430 431 432 433 434 435 436 437 438 439 440 441 442 443 444 445 446 447 448 449 450 451 452 453 454 455 456 457 458 459 460 461 462 463 464 465 466 467 468 469 470 471 472 473 474 475 476 477 478 479 480 481 482 483 484 485 486 487 488 489 490 491 492 493 494 495 496 497 498 499 500 501 502 503 504 505 506 507 508 509 510 511 512 513 514 515 516 517 518 519 520 521 522 523 524 525 526 527 528 529 530 531 532 533 534 535 536 537 538 539 540 541 542 543 544 545 546 547 548 549 550 551 552 553 554 555 556 557 558 559 560 561 562 563 564 565 566 567 568 569 570 571 572 573 574 575 576 577 578 579 580 581 582 583 584 585 586 587 588 589 590 591 592 593 594 595 596 597 598 599 600 601 602 603 604 605 606 607 608 609 610 611 612 613 614 615 616 617 618 619 620 621 622 623 624 625 626 627 628 629 630 631 632 633 634 635 636 637 638 639 640 641 642 643 644 645 646 647 648 649 650 651 652 653 654 655 656 657 658 659 660 661 662 663 664 665 666 667 668 669 670 671 672 673 674 675 676 677 678 679 680 681 682 683 684 685 686 687 688 689 690 691 692 693 694 695 696 697 698 699 700 701 702 703 704 705 706 707 708 709 710 711 712 713 714 715 716 717 718 719 720 721 722 723 724 725 726 727 728 729 730 731 732 733 734 735 736 737 738 739 740 741 742 743 744 745 746 747 748 749 750 751 752 753 754 755 756 757 758 759 760 761 762 763 764 765 766 767 768 769 770 771 772 773 774 775 776 777 778 779 780 781 782 783 784 785 786 787 788 789 790 791 792 793 794 795 796 797 798 799 800 801 802 803 804 805 806 807 808 809 810 811 812 813 814 815 816 817 818 819 820 821 822 823 824 825 826 827 828 829 830 831 832 833 834 835 836 837 838 839 840 841 842 843 # SOME DESCRIPTIVE TITLE. # Copyright (C) 2001 Python Software Foundation # This file is distributed under the same license as the Python package. # FIRST AUTHOR <EMAIL@ADDRESS>, YEAR. # # Translators: # python-doc bot, 2025 # Inada Naoki <[email protected]>, 2026 # #, fuzzy msgid "" msgstr "" "Project-Id-Version: Python 3.15\n" "Report-Msgid-Bugs-To: \n" "POT-Creation-Date: 2026-10-23 18:01+0000\n" "PO-Revision-Date: 2025-09-16 00:02+0000\n" "Last-Translator: Inada Naoki <[email protected]>, 2026\n" "Language-Team: Japanese (https://app.transifex.com/python-doc/teams/5390/" "ja/)\n" "MIME-Version: 1.0\n" "Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8\n" "Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit\n" "Language: ja\n" "Plural-Forms: nplurals=1; plural=0;\n" msgid "Brief tour of the standard library --- part II" msgstr "標準ライブラリをひとめぐり --- その II" #: ../../tutorial/stdlib2.rst:7 msgid "" "This second tour covers more advanced modules that support professional " "programming needs. These modules rarely occur in small scripts." msgstr "" "ツアーの第2部では、プロフェッショナルプログラミングを支えるもっと高度なモ" "ジュールをカバーします。ここで挙げるモジュールは、小さなスクリプトの開発では" "ほとんど使いません。" msgid "Output formatting" msgstr "出力のフォーマット" #: ../../tutorial/stdlib2.rst:16 msgid "" "The :mod:`reprlib` module provides a version of :func:`repr` customized for " "abbreviated displays of large or deeply nested containers::" msgstr "" ":mod:`reprlib` モジュールは、大きなコンテナや、深くネストしたコンテナを省略し" "て表示するバージョンの :func:`repr` を提供しています::" msgid "" ">>> import reprlib\n" ">>> reprlib.repr(set('supercalifragilisticexpialidocious'))\n" "\"{'a', 'c', 'd', 'e', 'f', 'g', ...}\"" msgstr "" ">>> import reprlib\n" ">>> reprlib.repr(set('supercalifragilisticexpialidocious'))\n" "\"{'a', 'c', 'd', 'e', 'f', 'g', ...}\"" msgid "" "The :mod:`pprint` module offers more sophisticated control over printing " "both built-in and user defined objects in a way that is readable by the " "interpreter. When the result is longer than one line, the \"pretty printer\" " "adds line breaks and indentation to more clearly reveal data structure::" msgstr "" ":mod:`pprint` モジュールは、組み込みオブジェクトやユーザー定義オブジェクトを" "わかりやすく表示するための、より細かな制御手段を提供しています。\n" "表示結果が複数行にわたる場合、「pretty printer」が改行やインデントを追加し、" "データ構造をより明確に示します。 ::" msgid "" ">>> import pprint\n" ">>> t = [[[['black', 'cyan'], 'white', ['green', 'red']], [['magenta',\n" "... 'yellow'], 'blue']]]\n" "...\n" ">>> pprint.pprint(t, width=30)\n" "[[[['black', 'cyan'],\n" " 'white',\n" " ['green', 'red']],\n" " [['magenta', 'yellow'],\n" " 'blue']]]" msgstr "" ">>> import pprint\n" ">>> t = [[[['black', 'cyan'], 'white', ['green', 'red']], [['magenta',\n" "... 'yellow'], 'blue']]]\n" "...\n" ">>> pprint.pprint(t, width=30)\n" "[[[['black', 'cyan'],\n" " 'white',\n" " ['green', 'red']],\n" " [['magenta', 'yellow'],\n" " 'blue']]]" #: ../../tutorial/stdlib2.rst:39 msgid "" "The :mod:`textwrap` module formats paragraphs of text to fit a given screen " "width::" msgstr "" ":mod:`textwrap` モジュールは、段落で構成された文章を、指定したスクリーン幅に" "ぴったり収まるように調整します::" msgid "" ">>> import textwrap\n" ">>> doc = \"\"\"The wrap() method is just like fill() except that it " "returns\n" "... a list of strings instead of one big string with newlines to separate\n" "... the wrapped lines.\"\"\"\n" "...\n" ">>> print(textwrap.fill(doc, width=40))\n" "The wrap() method is just like fill()\n" "except that it returns a list of strings\n" "instead of one big string with newlines\n" "to separate the wrapped lines." msgstr "" ">>> import textwrap\n" ">>> doc = \"\"\"The wrap() method is just like fill() except that it " "returns\n" "... a list of strings instead of one big string with newlines to separate\n" "... the wrapped lines.\"\"\"\n" "...\n" ">>> print(textwrap.fill(doc, width=40))\n" "The wrap() method is just like fill()\n" "except that it returns a list of strings\n" "instead of one big string with newlines\n" "to separate the wrapped lines." msgid "" "The :mod:`locale` module accesses a database of culture specific data " "formats. The grouping attribute of locale's format function provides a " "direct way of formatting numbers with group separators::" msgstr "" ":mod:`locale` モジュールは、文化によって異なるデータ形式のデータベースにアク" "セスします。\n" "``locale`` の ``format_string()`` 関数で ``grouping`` 引数を使うと、桁区切り" "文字を入れて数値をフォーマットできます。 ::" msgid "" ">>> import locale\n" ">>> locale.setlocale(locale.LC_ALL, 'English_United States.1252')\n" "'English_United States.1252'\n" ">>> conv = locale.localeconv() # get a mapping of conventions\n" ">>> x = 1234567.8\n" ">>> locale.format_string(\"%d\", x, grouping=True)\n" "'1,234,567'\n" ">>> locale.format_string(\"%s%.*f\", (conv['currency_symbol'],\n" "... conv['frac_digits'], x), grouping=True)\n" "'$1,234,567.80'" msgstr "" ">>> import locale\n" ">>> locale.setlocale(locale.LC_ALL, 'English_United States.1252')\n" "'English_United States.1252'\n" ">>> conv = locale.localeconv() # 表記規則のマッピングを取得する\n" ">>> x = 1234567.8\n" ">>> locale.format_string(\"%d\", x, grouping=True)\n" "'1,234,567'\n" ">>> locale.format_string(\"%s%.*f\", (conv['currency_symbol'],\n" "... conv['frac_digits'], x), grouping=True)\n" "'$1,234,567.80'" #: ../../tutorial/stdlib2.rst:72 msgid "Templating" msgstr "文字列テンプレート" msgid "" "The :mod:`string` module includes a versatile :class:`~string.Template` " "class with a simplified syntax suitable for editing by end-users. This " "allows users to customize their applications without having to alter the " "application." msgstr "" ":mod:`string` モジュールには、エンドユーザーが編集しやすい簡潔な構文を備え" "た、汎用的な :class:`~string.Template` クラスが含まれています。\n" "ユーザーはこれを使って、アプリケーション本体を変更せずにアプリケーションをカ" "スタマイズできます。" #: ../../tutorial/stdlib2.rst:78 msgid "" "The format uses placeholder names formed by ``$`` with valid Python " "identifiers (alphanumeric characters and underscores). Surrounding the " "placeholder with braces allows it to be followed by more alphanumeric " "letters with no intervening spaces. Writing ``$$`` creates a single escaped " "``$``::" msgstr "" "テンプレートでは、``$`` と有効な Python 識別子名 (英数字とアンダースコア) か" "らなるプレースホルダ名を使います。プレースホルダの周りを {} で囲えば、プレー" "スホルダの後ろにスペースを挟まず、英数文字を続けることができます。``$$`` のよ" "うにすると、``$`` 自体をエスケープできます::" msgid "" ">>> from string import Template\n" ">>> t = Template('${village}folk send $$10 to $cause.')\n" ">>> t.substitute(village='Nottingham', cause='the ditch fund')\n" "'Nottinghamfolk send $10 to the ditch fund.'" msgstr "" ">>> from string import Template\n" ">>> t = Template('${village}folk send $$10 to $cause.')\n" ">>> t.substitute(village='Nottingham', cause='the ditch fund')\n" "'Nottinghamfolk send $10 to the ditch fund.'" #: ../../tutorial/stdlib2.rst:88 msgid "" "The :meth:`~string.Template.substitute` method raises a :exc:`KeyError` when " "a placeholder is not supplied in a dictionary or a keyword argument. For " "mail-merge style applications, user supplied data may be incomplete and " "the :meth:`~string.Template.safe_substitute` method may be more appropriate " "--- it will leave placeholders unchanged if data is missing::" msgstr "" ":meth:`~string.Template.substitute` メソッドは、プレースホルダに相当する値が" "辞書やキーワード引数にない場合に :exc:`KeyError` を送出します。メールマージ機" "能のようなアプリケーションの場合、ユーザが入力するデータは不完全なことがある" "ので、欠落したデータがあるとプレースホルダをそのままにして出力す" "る :meth:`~string.Template.safe_substitute` メソッドを使う方が適切かもしれま" "せん::" msgid "" ">>> t = Template('Return the $item to $owner.')\n" ">>> d = dict(item='unladen swallow')\n" ">>> t.substitute(d)\n" "Traceback (most recent call last):\n" " ...\n" "KeyError: 'owner'\n" ">>> t.safe_substitute(d)\n" "'Return the unladen swallow to $owner.'" msgstr "" ">>> t = Template('Return the $item to $owner.')\n" ">>> d = dict(item='unladen swallow')\n" ">>> t.substitute(d)\n" "Traceback (most recent call last):\n" " ...\n" "KeyError: 'owner'\n" ">>> t.safe_substitute(d)\n" "'Return the unladen swallow to $owner.'" msgid "" "Template subclasses can specify a custom delimiter. For example, a batch " "renaming utility for a photo browser may elect to use percent signs for " "placeholders such as the current date, image sequence number, or file " "format::" msgstr "" "区切り文字はデフォルトは ``$`` ですが、 ``Template`` のサブクラスを派生すると" "変更することができます。例えば、画像ブラウザ用に一括で名前を変更するユーティ" "リティを作っていたとして、現在の日付や画像のシーケンス番号、ファイル形式と" "いったプレースホルダにパーセント記号を使うことにしたら、次のようになります::" msgid "" ">>> import time, os.path\n" ">>> photofiles = ['img_1074.jpg', 'img_1076.jpg', 'img_1077.jpg']\n" ">>> class BatchRename(Template):\n" "... delimiter = '%'\n" "...\n" ">>> fmt = input('Enter rename style (%d-date %n-seqnum %f-format): ')\n" "Enter rename style (%d-date %n-seqnum %f-format): Ashley_%n%f\n" "\n" ">>> t = BatchRename(fmt)\n" ">>> date = time.strftime('%d%b%y')\n" ">>> for i, filename in enumerate(photofiles):\n" "... base, ext = os.path.splitext(filename)\n" "... newname = t.substitute(d=date, n=i, f=ext)\n" "... print('{0} --> {1}'.format(filename, newname))\n" "\n" "img_1074.jpg --> Ashley_0.jpg\n" "img_1076.jpg --> Ashley_1.jpg\n" "img_1077.jpg --> Ashley_2.jpg" msgstr "" ">>> import time, os.path\n" ">>> photofiles = ['img_1074.jpg', 'img_1076.jpg', 'img_1077.jpg']\n" ">>> class BatchRename(Template):\n" "... delimiter = '%'\n" "...\n" ">>> fmt = input('Enter rename style (%d-date %n-seqnum %f-format): ')\n" "Enter rename style (%d-date %n-seqnum %f-format): Ashley_%n%f\n" "\n" ">>> t = BatchRename(fmt)\n" ">>> date = time.strftime('%d%b%y')\n" ">>> for i, filename in enumerate(photofiles):\n" "... base, ext = os.path.splitext(filename)\n" "... newname = t.substitute(d=date, n=i, f=ext)\n" "... print('{0} --> {1}'.format(filename, newname))\n" "\n" "img_1074.jpg --> Ashley_0.jpg\n" "img_1076.jpg --> Ashley_1.jpg\n" "img_1077.jpg --> Ashley_2.jpg" msgid "" "Another application for templating is separating program logic from the " "details of multiple output formats. This makes it possible to substitute " "custom templates for XML files, plain text reports, and HTML web reports." msgstr "" "テンプレートのもう一つの用途は、複数の出力形式の細かな違いからプログラムのロ" "ジックを分離することです。\n" "これにより、XML ファイル、プレーンテキストのレポート、HTML のウェブレポートに" "合わせたテンプレートを差し替えて使えます。" msgid "Working with binary data record layouts" msgstr "バイナリデータレコードのレイアウトの操作" #: ../../tutorial/stdlib2.rst:136 msgid "" "The :mod:`struct` module provides :func:`~struct.pack` " "and :func:`~struct.unpack` functions for working with variable length binary " "record formats. The following example shows how to loop through header " "information in a ZIP file without using the :mod:`zipfile` module. Pack " "codes ``\"H\"`` and ``\"I\"`` represent two and four byte unsigned numbers " "respectively. The ``\"<\"`` indicates that they are standard size and in " "little-endian byte order::" msgstr "" ":mod:`struct` モジュールでは、様々な長さのバイナリレコード形式を操作す" "る :func:`~struct.pack` や :func:`~struct.unpack` といった関数を提供していま" "す。 以下の例では、 :mod:`zipfile` モジュールを使わずに、ZIP ファイルのヘッダ" "情報を巡回する方法を示しています。``\"H\"`` と ``\"I\"`` というパック符号" "は、それぞれ2バイトと4バイトの符号無し 整数を表しています。 ``\"<\"`` は、そ" "のパック符号が standard サイズであり、バイトオーダーがリトルエンディアンであ" "ることを示しています::" msgid "" "import struct\n" "\n" "with open('myfile.zip', 'rb') as f:\n" " data = f.read()\n" "\n" "start = 0\n" "for i in range(3): # show the first 3 file headers\n" " start += 14\n" " fields = struct.unpack('<IIIHH', data[start:start+16])\n" " crc32, comp_size, uncomp_size, filenamesize, extra_size = fields\n" "\n" " start += 16\n" " filename = data[start:start+filenamesize]\n" " start += filenamesize\n" " extra = data[start:start+extra_size]\n" " print(filename, hex(crc32), comp_size, uncomp_size)\n" "\n" " start += extra_size + comp_size # skip to the next header" msgstr "" "import struct\n" "\n" "with open('myfile.zip', 'rb') as f:\n" " data = f.read()\n" "\n" "start = 0\n" "for i in range(3): # 最初の 3 つのファイルヘッダを表示す" "る\n" " start += 14\n" " fields = struct.unpack('<IIIHH', data[start:start+16])\n" " crc32, comp_size, uncomp_size, filenamesize, extra_size = fields\n" "\n" " start += 16\n" " filename = data[start:start+filenamesize]\n" " start += filenamesize\n" " extra = data[start:start+extra_size]\n" " print(filename, hex(crc32), comp_size, uncomp_size)\n" "\n" " start += extra_size + comp_size # 次のヘッダまで進む" #: ../../tutorial/stdlib2.rst:167 msgid "Multi-threading" msgstr "マルチスレッディング" msgid "" "Threading is a technique for decoupling tasks which are not sequentially " "dependent. Threads can be used to improve the responsiveness of " "applications that accept user input while other tasks run in the " "background. A related use case is running I/O in parallel with computations " "in another thread." msgstr "" "スレッド処理 (threading) は、実行順序に依存関係のない複数のタスクを切り離す技" "術です。\n" "他のタスクをバックグラウンドで実行しながらユーザー入力を受け付けるアプリケー" "ションでは、スレッドを使って応答性を高めることができます。\n" "関連する用途として、別のスレッドで行う計算処理と並行して I/O を実行することも" "挙げられます。" #: ../../tutorial/stdlib2.rst:174 msgid "" "The following code shows how the high level :mod:`threading` module can run " "tasks in background while the main program continues to run::" msgstr "" "以下のコードでは、高水準のモジュール :mod:`threading` でメインのプログラムを" "動かしながら背後で別のタスクを動作させられるようにする方法を示しています::" msgid "" "import threading, zipfile\n" "\n" "class AsyncZip(threading.Thread):\n" " def __init__(self, infile, outfile):\n" " super().__init__()\n" " self.infile = infile\n" " self.outfile = outfile\n" "\n" " def run(self):\n" " with zipfile.ZipFile(self.outfile, 'w', zipfile.ZIP_DEFLATED) as f:\n" " f.write(self.infile)\n" " print('Finished background zip of:', self.infile)\n" "\n" "background = AsyncZip('mydata.txt', 'myarchive.zip')\n" "background.start()\n" "print('The main program continues to run in foreground.')\n" "\n" "background.join() # Wait for the background task to finish\n" "print('Main program waited until background was done.')" msgstr "" "import threading, zipfile\n" "\n" "class AsyncZip(threading.Thread):\n" " def __init__(self, infile, outfile):\n" " super().__init__()\n" " self.infile = infile\n" " self.outfile = outfile\n" "\n" " def run(self):\n" " with zipfile.ZipFile(self.outfile, 'w', zipfile.ZIP_DEFLATED) as f:\n" " f.write(self.infile)\n" " print('Finished background zip of:', self.infile)\n" "\n" "background = AsyncZip('mydata.txt', 'myarchive.zip')\n" "background.start()\n" "print('The main program continues to run in foreground.')\n" "\n" "background.join() # バックグラウンドのタスクが終わるまで待つ\n" "print('Main program waited until background was done.')" msgid "" "The principal challenge of multi-threaded applications is coordinating " "threads that share data or other resources. To that end, the threading " "module provides a number of synchronization primitives including locks, " "events, condition variables, and semaphores." msgstr "" "マルチスレッドアプリケーションを作る上で最も難しい問題は、データやリソースを" "共有するスレッド間の調整 (coordination)です。この問題を解決するため、 " "``threading`` モジュールではロックやイベント、状態変数、セマフォといった数々" "の同期プリミティブを提供しています。" msgid "" "While those tools are powerful, minor design errors can result in problems " "that are difficult to reproduce. So, the preferred approach to task " "coordination is to concentrate all access to a resource in a single thread " "and then use the :mod:`queue` module to feed that thread with requests from " "other threads. Applications using :class:`~queue.Queue` objects for inter-" "thread communication and coordination are easier to design, more readable, " "and more reliable." msgstr "" "こうしたツールは強力ですが、小さな設計上の誤りが再現の難しい問題につながるこ" "とがあります。\n" "そのため、タスク間の調整では、あるリソースへのアクセスをすべて 1 つのスレッド" "に集め、:mod:`queue` モジュールを使って他のスレッドからのリクエストをそのス" "レッドに送る方法が推奨されます。\n" "スレッド間の通信や調整に :class:`~queue.Queue` オブジェクトを使うアプリケー" "ションは、設計しやすく、読みやすく、信頼性も高くなります。" #: ../../tutorial/stdlib2.rst:213 msgid "Logging" msgstr "ログ記録" #: ../../tutorial/stdlib2.rst:215 msgid "" "The :mod:`logging` module offers a full featured and flexible logging " "system. At its simplest, log messages are sent to a file or to " "``sys.stderr``::" msgstr "" ":mod:`logging` モジュールでは、数多くの機能をそなえた柔軟性のあるログ記録シス" "テムを提供しています。最も簡単な使い方では、ログメッセージをファイルや " "``sys.stderr`` に送信します::" msgid "" "import logging\n" "logging.debug('Debugging information')\n" "logging.info('Informational message')\n" "logging.warning('Warning:config file %s not found', 'server.conf')\n" "logging.error('Error occurred')\n" "logging.critical('Critical error -- shutting down')" msgstr "" "import logging\n" "logging.debug('Debugging information')\n" "logging.info('Informational message')\n" "logging.warning('Warning:config file %s not found', 'server.conf')\n" "logging.error('Error occurred')\n" "logging.critical('Critical error -- shutting down')" #: ../../tutorial/stdlib2.rst:225 msgid "This produces the following output:" msgstr "これは以下の出力を生成します:" msgid "" "WARNING:root:Warning:config file server.conf not found\n" "ERROR:root:Error occurred\n" "CRITICAL:root:Critical error -- shutting down" msgstr "" "WARNING:root:Warning:config file server.conf not found\n" "ERROR:root:Error occurred\n" "CRITICAL:root:Critical error -- shutting down" msgid "" "By default, informational and debugging messages are suppressed and the " "output is sent to standard error. Other output options include routing " "messages through email, datagrams, sockets, or to an HTTP Server. New " "filters can select different routing based on message " "priority: :const:`~logging.DEBUG`, :const:`~logging.INFO`, :const:`~logging.WARNING`, :const:`~logging.ERROR`, " "and :const:`~logging.CRITICAL`." msgstr "" "デフォルトでは、 ``info()`` と ``debug()`` による出力は抑制され、出力は標準エ" "ラーに送信されます。選択可能な送信先には、email、データグラム、ソケット、" "HTTP サーバへの送信などがあります。新たにフィルタを作成する" "と、:const:`~logging.DEBUG`、:const:`~logging.INFO`、:const:`~logging.WARNING`、:const:`~logging.ERROR`、:const:`~logging.CRITICAL` " "といったメッセージのプライオリティによって異なる送信先を選択することができま" "す。" #: ../../tutorial/stdlib2.rst:240 msgid "" "The logging system can be configured directly from Python or can be loaded " "from a user editable configuration file for customized logging without " "altering the application." msgstr "" "ログ記録システムは Python から直接設定することもできますし、アプリケーション" "を変更しなくてもカスタマイズできるよう、ユーザが編集可能な設定ファイルによっ" "て設定することもできます。" msgid "Weak references" msgstr "弱参照" #: ../../tutorial/stdlib2.rst:250 msgid "" "Python does automatic memory management (reference counting for most objects " "and :term:`garbage collection` to eliminate cycles). The memory is freed " "shortly after the last reference to it has been eliminated." msgstr "" "Python は自動的にメモリを管理します (ほとんどのオブジェクトは参照カウント方式" "で管理し、 :term:`ガベージコレクション <garbage collection>` で循環参照を除去" "します)。オブジェクトに対する最後の参照がなくなってしばらくするとメモリは解放" "されます。" msgid "" "This approach works fine for most applications but occasionally there is a " "need to track objects only as long as they are being used by something else. " "Unfortunately, just tracking them creates a reference that makes them " "permanent. The :mod:`weakref` module provides tools for tracking objects " "without creating a reference. When the object is no longer needed, it is " "automatically removed from a weakref table and a callback is triggered for " "weakref objects. Typical applications include caching objects that are " "expensive to create::" msgstr "" "この方法はほとんどのアプリケーションでうまく機能しますが、オブジェクトが他か" "ら使われている間だけ、そのオブジェクトを追跡しておきたい場合もあります。\n" "ところが、追跡するだけで参照が作られ、オブジェクトが解放されなくなってしまい" "ます。\n" ":mod:`weakref` モジュールは、こうした参照を作らずにオブジェクトを追跡するツー" "ルを提供しています。\n" "参照先のオブジェクトが不要になると、weakref テーブルから自動的に取り除かれ、" "弱参照オブジェクトのコールバックが呼び出されます。\n" "典型的な用途として、作成コストの高いオブジェクトのキャッシュがあります。 ::" msgid "" ">>> import weakref, gc\n" ">>> class A:\n" "... def __init__(self, value):\n" "... self.value = value\n" "... def __repr__(self):\n" "... return str(self.value)\n" "...\n" ">>> a = A(10) # create a reference\n" ">>> d = weakref.WeakValueDictionary()\n" ">>> d['primary'] = a # does not create a reference\n" ">>> d['primary'] # fetch the object if it is still alive\n" "10\n" ">>> del a # remove the one reference\n" ">>> gc.collect() # run garbage collection right away\n" "0\n" ">>> d['primary'] # entry was automatically removed\n" "Traceback (most recent call last):\n" " File \"<stdin>\", line 1, in <module>\n" " d['primary'] # entry was automatically removed\n" " File \"C:/python315/lib/weakref.py\", line 46, in __getitem__\n" " o = self.data[key]()\n" "KeyError: 'primary'" msgstr "" ">>> import weakref, gc\n" ">>> class A:\n" "... def __init__(self, value):\n" "... self.value = value\n" "... def __repr__(self):\n" "... return str(self.value)\n" "...\n" ">>> a = A(10) # 参照を作成する\n" ">>> d = weakref.WeakValueDictionary()\n" ">>> d['primary'] = a # 参照を作成しない\n" ">>> d['primary'] # オブジェクトがまだ存在すれば取得する\n" "10\n" ">>> del a # 唯一の参照を削除する\n" ">>> gc.collect() # 直ちにガベージコレクションを実行する\n" "0\n" ">>> d['primary'] # 項目は自動的に削除された\n" "Traceback (most recent call last):\n" " File \"<stdin>\", line 1, in <module>\n" " d['primary'] # 項目は自動的に削除された\n" " File \"C:/python315/lib/weakref.py\", line 46, in __getitem__\n" " o = self.data[key]()\n" "KeyError: 'primary'" msgid "Tools for working with lists" msgstr "リストを操作するツール" msgid "" "Many data structure needs can be met with the built-in list type. However, " "sometimes there is a need for alternative implementations with different " "performance trade-offs." msgstr "" "データ構造が必要な場面の多くは、組み込みのリスト型で対応できます。\n" "ただし、性能上のトレードオフが異なる別の実装が必要になる場合もあります。" #: ../../tutorial/stdlib2.rst:295 msgid "" "The :mod:`array` module provides an :class:`~array.array` object that is " "like a list that stores only homogeneous data and stores it more compactly. " "The following example shows an array of numbers stored as two byte unsigned " "binary numbers (typecode ``\"H\"``) rather than the usual 16 bytes per entry " "for regular lists of Python int objects::" msgstr "" ":mod:`array` (配列) モジュールでは、:class:`~array.array` オブジェクトを提供" "しています。配列はリストに似ていますが、同種のデータのみを よりコンパクトに格" "納します。 以下の例に示すのは、通常 1 要素あたり 16 バイト使う Python の " "int オブジェクトのリストではなく、2 バイト使う符号無しバイナリ整数 (タイプ" "コード ``\"H\"``) の配列です::" msgid "" ">>> from array import array\n" ">>> a = array('H', [4000, 10, 700, 22222])\n" ">>> sum(a)\n" "26932\n" ">>> a[1:3]\n" "array('H', [10, 700])" msgstr "" ">>> from array import array\n" ">>> a = array('H', [4000, 10, 700, 22222])\n" ">>> sum(a)\n" "26932\n" ">>> a[1:3]\n" "array('H', [10, 700])" #: ../../tutorial/stdlib2.rst:308 msgid "" "The :mod:`collections` module provides a :class:`~collections.deque` object " "that is like a list with faster appends and pops from the left side but " "slower lookups in the middle. These objects are well suited for implementing " "queues and breadth first tree searches::" msgstr "" ":mod:`collections` モジュールでは、 :class:`~collections.deque` オブジェクト" "を提供しています。リスト型に似ていますが、データの追加と左端からの取り出しが" "速く、その一方で中間にある値の参照は遅くなります。こうしたオブジェクトは" "キューや木構造の幅優先探索の実装に向いています::" msgid "" ">>> from collections import deque\n" ">>> d = deque([\"task1\", \"task2\", \"task3\"])\n" ">>> d.append(\"task4\")\n" ">>> print(\"Handling\", d.popleft())\n" "Handling task1" msgstr "" ">>> from collections import deque\n" ">>> d = deque([\"task1\", \"task2\", \"task3\"])\n" ">>> d.append(\"task4\")\n" ">>> print(\"Handling\", d.popleft())\n" "Handling task1" msgid "" "unsearched = deque([starting_node])\n" "def breadth_first_search(unsearched):\n" " node = unsearched.popleft()\n" " for m in gen_moves(node):\n" " if is_goal(m):\n" " return m\n" " unsearched.append(m)" msgstr "" "unsearched = deque([starting_node])\n" "def breadth_first_search(unsearched):\n" " node = unsearched.popleft()\n" " for m in gen_moves(node):\n" " if is_goal(m):\n" " return m\n" " unsearched.append(m)" #: ../../tutorial/stdlib2.rst:329 msgid "" "In addition to alternative list implementations, the library also offers " "other tools such as the :mod:`bisect` module with functions for manipulating " "sorted lists::" msgstr "" "リストの代わりの実装以外にも、標準ライブラリにはソート済みのリストを操作する" "ための関数を備えた :mod:`bisect` のようなツールも提供しています::" msgid "" ">>> import bisect\n" ">>> scores = [(100, 'perl'), (200, 'tcl'), (400, 'lua'), (500, 'python')]\n" ">>> bisect.insort(scores, (300, 'ruby'))\n" ">>> scores\n" "[(100, 'perl'), (200, 'tcl'), (300, 'ruby'), (400, 'lua'), (500, 'python')]" msgstr "" ">>> import bisect\n" ">>> scores = [(100, 'perl'), (200, 'tcl'), (400, 'lua'), (500, 'python')]\n" ">>> bisect.insort(scores, (300, 'ruby'))\n" ">>> scores\n" "[(100, 'perl'), (200, 'tcl'), (300, 'ruby'), (400, 'lua'), (500, 'python')]" #: ../../tutorial/stdlib2.rst:339 msgid "" "The :mod:`heapq` module provides functions for implementing heaps based on " "regular lists. The lowest valued entry is always kept at position zero. " "This is useful for applications which repeatedly access the smallest element " "but do not want to run a full list sort::" msgstr "" ":mod:`heapq` モジュールは、通常のリストでヒープを実装するための関数を提供して" "います。ヒープでは、最も低い値をもつエントリがつねにゼロの位置に配置されま" "す。ヒープは、毎回リストをソートすることなく、最小の値をもつ要素に繰り返しア" "クセスするようなアプリケーションで便利です::" msgid "" ">>> from heapq import heapify, heappop, heappush\n" ">>> data = [1, 3, 5, 7, 9, 2, 4, 6, 8, 0]\n" ">>> heapify(data) # rearrange the list into heap order\n" ">>> heappush(data, -5) # add a new entry\n" ">>> [heappop(data) for i in range(3)] # fetch the three smallest entries\n" "[-5, 0, 1]" msgstr "" ">>> from heapq import heapify, heappop, heappush\n" ">>> data = [1, 3, 5, 7, 9, 2, 4, 6, 8, 0]\n" ">>> heapify(data) # リストをヒープの順序に並べ替える\n" ">>> heappush(data, -5) # 新しい項目を追加する\n" ">>> [heappop(data) for i in range(3)] # 小さい方から 3 つの項目を取り出す\n" "[-5, 0, 1]" msgid "Decimal floating-point arithmetic" msgstr "10 進浮動小数点演算" #: ../../tutorial/stdlib2.rst:357 msgid "" "The :mod:`decimal` module offers a :class:`~decimal.Decimal` datatype for " "decimal floating-point arithmetic. Compared to the built-in :class:`float` " "implementation of binary floating point, the class is especially helpful for" msgstr "" ":mod:`decimal` モジュールでは、 10 進浮動小数の算術演算をサポートす" "る :class:`~decimal.Decimal` データ型を提供しています。組み込みの 2 進浮動小" "数の実装である :class:`float` に比べて、このクラスがとりわけ便利なのは、以下" "の場合です" #: ../../tutorial/stdlib2.rst:361 msgid "" "financial applications and other uses which require exact decimal " "representation," msgstr "財務アプリケーションやその他の正確な10進表記が必要なアプリケーション、" #: ../../tutorial/stdlib2.rst:363 msgid "control over precision," msgstr "精度の制御、" #: ../../tutorial/stdlib2.rst:364 msgid "control over rounding to meet legal or regulatory requirements," msgstr "法的または規制上の理由に基づく値丸めの制御、" #: ../../tutorial/stdlib2.rst:365 msgid "tracking of significant decimal places, or" msgstr "有効桁数の追跡が必要になる場合" #: ../../tutorial/stdlib2.rst:366 msgid "" "applications where the user expects the results to match calculations done " "by hand." msgstr "ユーザが手計算の結果と同じ演算結果を期待するようなアプリケーション。" msgid "" "For example, calculating a 5% tax on a 70 cent phone charge gives different " "results in decimal floating point and binary floating point. The difference " "becomes significant if the results are rounded to the nearest cent::" msgstr "" "例えば、70 セントの電話代に 5% の税金を加える計算では、10 進浮動小数点と 2 進" "浮動小数点で結果が異なります。\n" "結果を最も近いセント単位に丸めると、その違いがはっきり現れます。 ::" msgid "" ">>> from decimal import *\n" ">>> round(Decimal('0.70') * Decimal('1.05'), 2)\n" "Decimal('0.74')\n" ">>> round(.70 * 1.05, 2)\n" "0.73" msgstr "" ">>> from decimal import *\n" ">>> round(Decimal('0.70') * Decimal('1.05'), 2)\n" "Decimal('0.74')\n" ">>> round(.70 * 1.05, 2)\n" "0.73" msgid "" "The :class:`~decimal.Decimal` result keeps a trailing zero, automatically " "inferring four place significance from multiplicands with two place " "significance. Decimal reproduces mathematics as done by hand and avoids " "issues that can arise when binary floating point cannot exactly represent " "decimal quantities." msgstr "" ":class:`~decimal.Decimal` の計算結果は末尾のゼロを保持します。\n" "掛け合わせる数がどちらも小数点以下 2 桁であることから、結果を小数点以下 4 桁" "まで保持すると自動的に判断します。\n" "``Decimal`` は手計算と同じ計算を再現し、2 進浮動小数点数では 10 進数の値を正" "確に表せない場合に起こり得る問題を回避します。" #: ../../tutorial/stdlib2.rst:385 msgid "" "Exact representation enables the :class:`~decimal.Decimal` class to perform " "modulo calculations and equality tests that are unsuitable for binary " "floating point::" msgstr "" ":class:`~decimal.Decimal` クラスは厳密な値を表現できるため、2 進浮動小数点数" "では 期待通りに計算できないような剰余の計算や等値テストも実現できます::" msgid "" ">>> Decimal('1.00') % Decimal('.10')\n" "Decimal('0.00')\n" ">>> 1.00 % 0.10\n" "0.09999999999999995\n" "\n" ">>> sum([Decimal('0.1')]*10) == Decimal('1.0')\n" "True\n" ">>> 0.1 + 0.1 + 0.1 + 0.1 + 0.1 + 0.1 + 0.1 + 0.1 + 0.1 + 0.1 == 1.0\n" "False" msgstr "" ">>> Decimal('1.00') % Decimal('.10')\n" "Decimal('0.00')\n" ">>> 1.00 % 0.10\n" "0.09999999999999995\n" "\n" ">>> sum([Decimal('0.1')]*10) == Decimal('1.0')\n" "True\n" ">>> 0.1 + 0.1 + 0.1 + 0.1 + 0.1 + 0.1 + 0.1 + 0.1 + 0.1 + 0.1 == 1.0\n" "False" #: ../../tutorial/stdlib2.rst:399 msgid "" "The :mod:`decimal` module provides arithmetic with as much precision as " "needed::" msgstr "" ":mod:`decimal` モジュールを使うと、必要なだけの精度で算術演算を行えます::" msgid "" ">>> getcontext().prec = 36\n" ">>> Decimal(1) / Decimal(7)\n" "Decimal('0.142857142857142857142857142857142857')" msgstr "" ">>> getcontext().prec = 36\n" ">>> Decimal(1) / Decimal(7)\n" "Decimal('0.142857142857142857142857142857142857')" |
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