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GeezerVison is showing www.virtualbox.org — User Guide for Release 7.2

User Guide for Release 7.2

  • About Oracle VirtualBox
    • Oracle VirtualBox Components
    • Oracle VirtualBox Features
    • Guest Operating Systems
      • Host and Guest Combinations
      • Guest OSs That Run on x86_64 Hosts
      • Guest OSs That Run on Arm64 Hosts
      • 64-bit Guests
  • Installing VirtualBox
    • Choosing an Installation Package
      • Intel Host CPU Requirements
      • Arm Host Limitations
    • Installing on Windows Hosts
      • Prerequisites
      • Windows Installation Directory Security Requirements
      • Performing the Installation
      • Uninstallation
      • Unattended Installation
      • Public Properties
    • Installing on macOS Hosts
      • Performing the Installation
      • Uninstallation
      • Unattended Installation
    • Installing on Linux Hosts
      • Prerequisites
      • The Oracle VirtualBox Kernel Modules
        • Kernel Modules and UEFI Secure Boot
      • Performing the Installation
        • Installing Oracle VirtualBox from a Debian or Ubuntu Package
        • Using the Alternative Generic Installer (VirtualBox.run)
        • Performing a Manual Installation
        • Updating and Uninstalling Oracle VirtualBox
        • Automatic Installation of Debian Packages
        • Automatic Installation of RPM Packages
        • Automatic Installation Options
      • The vboxusers Group
      • Starting Oracle VirtualBox on Linux
    • Installing on Oracle Solaris Hosts
      • Performing the Installation
      • The vboxuser Group
      • Starting Oracle VirtualBox on Oracle Solaris
      • Uninstallation
      • Unattended Installation
      • Configuring a Non-Global Zone for Running Oracle VirtualBox
    • Starting Oracle VirtualBox
  • Configuring Oracle VirtualBox
    • Managing Oracle VirtualBox Extensions
      • Install the Oracle VirtualBox Extension Pack
      • Remove the Oracle VirtualBox Extension Pack
    • Set Oracle VirtualBox Preferences
    • Experience Levels for VirtualBox Manager
  • Creating a New Virtual Machine
    • Specify Name and Operating System
    • Configure Unattended Installation of Guest OS
    • Specify Virtual Hardware
    • Creating a New Virtual Machine Using VBoxManage
  • Working with Virtual Machines
    • Running a Virtual Machine
      • Starting a New VM for the First Time
      • Virtual Machine Status Bar
      • Capturing and Releasing Keyboard and Mouse
      • Typing Special Characters
      • Soft Keyboard
        • Using the Soft Keyboard
        • Creating a Custom Keyboard Layout
      • Changing Removable Media
      • Resizing the VM's Window
      • Pausing a VM
      • Resetting a VM
      • Closing or Saving a VM
    • Adding Virtual Machines
    • Importing and Exporting Virtual Machines
      • About the OVF Format
      • Importing an Appliance in OVF Format
      • Exporting an Appliance in OVF Format
    • Removing and Moving Virtual Machines
    • Cloning a Virtual Machine
    • Managing VMs
      • Configure the Settings for a VM
      • Using VM Groups
    • Snapshots
      • Taking, Restoring, and Deleting Snapshots
      • Snapshot Contents
    • Emulated Hardware
    • Paravirtualization Providers
    • Nested Paging and VPIDs
    • Virtual Machine Settings
    • General Settings
      • Identity Tab
      • Features Tab
      • Description Tab
      • Disk Encryption Tab
    • System Settings
      • Motherboard Tab
      • Processor Tab
      • Acceleration Tab
    • Display Settings
      • Screen Tab
      • Remote Display Tab
      • Recording Tab
    • Storage Settings
    • Audio Settings
    • Network Settings
    • Serial Ports
    • USB Support
      • USB Settings
      • Implementation Notes for Windows and Linux Hosts
    • Shared Folders
    • User Interface
    • Alternative Firmware (UEFI)
      • Video Modes in EFI
      • Specifying Boot Arguments
    • Monitoring of Virtual Machines
      • Resources
      • Session Information Dialog
      • The Log Viewer
  • Integrating with Oracle Cloud Infrastructure
    • Preparing for Oracle Cloud Infrastructure Integration
    • Creating an API Signing Key Pair
    • Uploading the Public Key to Oracle Cloud Infrastructure
    • Creating a Cloud Profile
    • Using the Cloud Profile Manager
      • Creating a New Cloud Profile
      • Importing a Cloud Profile
    • Using Oracle VirtualBox With Oracle Cloud Infrastructure
    • Using Cloud Virtual Machines
      • About the OCI VM Group
      • Creating a New Cloud VM
      • Adding a Cloud VM
      • Cloning a Cloud VM
      • Changing Settings for a Cloud VM
      • Controlling a Cloud VM
      • Monitoring Cloud VM Performance
      • Removing a Cloud VM
      • Creating an Instance Console Connection for a Cloud VM
    • Exporting an Appliance to Oracle Cloud Infrastructure
      • Preparing a VM for Export to Oracle Cloud Infrastructure
    • Importing an Instance from Oracle Cloud Infrastructure
      • Importing an Instance: Overview of Events
    • Using a Cloud Network
    • Using VBoxManage Commands With Oracle Cloud Infrastructure
  • Guest Additions
    • Introduction to Guest Additions
    • Installing Guest Additions
      • Guest Additions for Windows
        • Installing the Windows Guest Additions
        • Updating the Windows Guest Additions
        • Installing Code Signing Certificates
        • Automated Windows System Preparation
        • Manual File Extraction
      • Guest Additions for Linux
        • Installing the Linux Guest Additions
        • Manual Setup of Selected Guest Services on Linux
        • Linux Guest Screen Resizing
        • Updating the Linux Guest Additions
        • Uninstalling the Linux Guest Additions
      • Guest Additions for Oracle Solaris
        • Installing the Oracle Solaris Guest Additions
        • Uninstalling the Oracle Solaris Guest Additions
        • Updating the Oracle Solaris Guest Additions
      • Guest Additions for OS/2
    • Shared Folders
      • Manual Mounting
      • Automatic Mounting
    • Clipboard
    • Drag and Drop
      • Supported Formats
    • Hardware-Accelerated Graphics
    • Seamless Windows
    • Guest Properties
      • Using Guest Properties to Wait on VM Events
    • Guest Control File Manager
      • Transferring Files
    • Guest Control of Applications
    • Memory Overcommitment
      • Memory Ballooning
      • Page Fusion
    • Controlling Virtual Monitor Topology
      • X11/XWayland Desktop Environments
  • Virtual Storage
    • Hard Disk Controllers
    • Disk Image Files (VDI, VMDK, VHD, HDD)
    • The Virtual Media Manager
      • Creating a Virtual Hard Disk Image
      • Creating a Virtual Optical Disk Image
      • Creating a Virtual Floppy Disk Image
    • Special Image Write Modes
    • Differencing Images
    • Cloning Disk Images
    • Host Input/Output Caching
    • Limiting Bandwidth for Disk Images
    • CD/DVD Support
    • iSCSI Servers
    • vboximg-mount: A Utility for FUSE Mounting a Virtual Disk Image
      • Viewing Detailed Information About a Virtual Disk Image
      • Mounting a Virtual Disk Image
  • Virtual Networking
    • Configure Networking
      • Create a Network
      • Remove a Network
      • Edit a Network
    • Virtual Networking Hardware
    • Introduction to Networking Modes
    • Network Address Translation (NAT)
      • Configuring Port Forwarding with NAT
      • PXE Booting with NAT
      • NAT Limitations
    • Oracle VirtualBox NAT Network Service
    • Fine Tuning the Oracle VirtualBox NAT Engine
      • Configuring the Address of a NAT Network Interface
      • Configuring the Boot Server (Next Server) of a NAT Network Interface
      • Enabling DNS Proxy in NAT Mode
      • Using the Host's Resolver as a DNS Proxy in NAT Mode
        • User-Defined Host Name Resolving
      • Configuring Aliasing of the NAT Engine
    • Bridged Networking
    • Internal Networking
    • Host-Only Networking
    • UDP Tunnel Networking
    • VDE Networking
    • Cloud Networks
    • Limiting Bandwidth for Network Input/Output
    • Improving Network Performance
  • Remote Virtual Machines
    • Remote Display (VRDP Support)
      • Common Third-Party RDP Viewers
      • VBoxHeadless, the Remote Desktop Server
      • Step by Step: Creating a Virtual Machine on a Headless Server
      • Separate Mode
      • Remote USB
      • RDP Authentication
      • RDP Encryption
      • Multiple Connections to the VRDP Server
      • Multiple Remote Monitors
      • VRDP Video Redirection
      • VRDP Customization
    • Teleporting
    • VBoxHeadless
  • Advanced Topics
    • Automated Guest Logins
      • Automated Windows Guest Logins
      • Automated Linux and UNIX Guest Logins
        • Oracle VirtualBox Greeter for Ubuntu/LightDM
    • CPU Hot-Plugging
    • Webcam Passthrough
      • Using a Host Webcam in the Guest
      • Windows Hosts
      • macOS Hosts
      • Linux and Oracle Solaris Hosts
    • Advanced Display Configuration
      • Custom VESA Resolutions
      • Configuring the Maximum Resolution of Guests When Using the Graphical Frontend
    • Advanced Storage Configuration
      • Using a Raw Host Hard Disk From a Guest
        • Access to Entire Physical Hard Disk
        • Access to Individual Physical Hard Disk Partitions
      • Configuring the Hard Disk Vendor Product Data (VPD)
    • Fine Tuning the Oracle VirtualBox NAT Engine
      • Configuring the Address of a NAT Network Interface
      • Configuring the Boot Server (Next Server) of a NAT Network Interface
      • Enabling DNS Proxy in NAT Mode
      • Using the Host's Resolver as a DNS Proxy in NAT Mode
        • User-Defined Host Name Resolving
      • Configuring Aliasing of the NAT Engine
    • Configuring the BIOS DMI Information
    • Configuring Custom ACPI Tables
    • Fine Tuning Timers and Time Synchronization
      • Configuring the Guest Time Stamp Counter (TSC) to Reflect Guest Execution
      • Accelerate or Slow Down the Guest Clock
      • Tuning the Guest Additions Time Synchronization Parameters
      • Disabling the Guest Additions Time Synchronization
    • Installing the Alternate Bridged Networking Driver on Oracle Solaris 11 Hosts
    • Oracle VirtualBox VNIC Templates for VLANs on Oracle Solaris 11 Hosts
    • Configuring Multiple Host-Only Network Interfaces on Oracle Solaris Hosts
    • Configuring the Oracle VirtualBox CoreDumper on Oracle Solaris Hosts
    • Oracle VirtualBox and Oracle Solaris Kernel Zones
    • Locking Down VirtualBox Manager
      • Customizing VirtualBox Manager
      • VM Selector Customization
      • Configure VM Selector Menu Entries
      • Configure VM Window Menu Entries
      • Configure VM Window Status Bar Entries
      • Configure VM Window Visual Modes
      • Host Key Customization
      • Action when Terminating the VM
      • Default Action when Terminating the VM
      • Action for Handling a Guru Meditation
      • Configuring Automatic Mouse Capturing
      • Requesting Legacy Full-Screen Mode
      • Removing Certain Modes of Networking From the GUI
    • Starting the Oracle VirtualBox Web Service Automatically
      • Linux: Starting the Web Service With init
      • Oracle Solaris: Starting the Web Service With SMF
      • macOS: Starting the Web Service With launchd
    • Oracle VirtualBox Watchdog
      • Memory Ballooning Control
      • Host Isolation Detection
      • More Information
      • Linux: Starting the Watchdog Service With init
      • Oracle Solaris: Starting the Watchdog Service With SMF
    • Other Extension Packs
    • Starting Virtual Machines During System Boot
      • Linux: Starting the Autostart Service With init
      • Oracle Solaris: Starting the Autostart Service With SMF
      • macOS: Starting the Autostart Service With launchd
      • Windows: Starting the Autostart Service
    • Encryption of VMs
      • Limitations of VM Encryption
      • Encrypting a VM
      • Opening the Encrypted VM
      • Decrypting Encrypted VMs
    • Oracle VirtualBox Expert Storage Management
    • Handling of Host Power Management Events
    • Passing Through SSE4.1/SSE4.2 Instructions
    • Support for Keyboard Indicator Synchronization
    • Capturing USB Traffic for Selected Devices
    • Configuring the Heartbeat Service
    • Encryption of Disk Images
      • Limitations of Disk Encryption
      • Encrypting Disk Images
      • Starting a VM with Encrypted Images
      • Decrypting Encrypted Images
    • Paravirtualized Debugging
      • Hyper-V Debug Options
        • Setting up Windows Guests for Debugging with the Hyper-V Paravirtualization Provider
    • Accessing USB devices Exposed Over the Network with USB/IP
      • Setting up USB/IP Support on a Linux System
      • Security Considerations
    • Using Hyper-V with Oracle VirtualBox
    • Nested Virtualization
    • VBoxSVC running in Windows Session 0
    • VISO file format / RTIsoMaker
  • Customizing Oracle VirtualBox
    • Oracle VirtualBox Programming Interfaces
  • Troubleshooting
    • Where Oracle VirtualBox Stores its Files
      • The VM Folder
      • Global Settings
      • Summary of Configuration Data Locations
      • Oracle VirtualBox XML Files
    • Oracle VirtualBox Host Processes
    • Oracle VirtualBox Guest Processes
    • Categorizing and Isolating Problems
    • Collecting Debugging Information
      • Using the VBoxBugReport Command to Collect Debug Information Automatically
      • The Built-In VM Debugger
      • VM Core Format
    • Running Legacy Guest OSs
      • Graphics and Mouse Integration
      • Guest OSs With no ATAPI CD-ROM Support May Fail to Boot
      • Windows 2000 Installation Failures
      • Windows 3.x Limited to 64 MB RAM
      • No Networking in Windows Vista Guests
      • No USB 3.0 Support in Windows 7 Guests
      • Windows Fails After Changing VM Configuration
      • IDE/SATA Errors on Guest OSs
      • Buggy Linux 2.6 Kernel Versions
      • Crash on Start Caused by Kernel Bugs
      • Linux Guests May Cause a High CPU load
      • Certain Oracle Solaris 10 Releases May Take a Long Time to Boot with SMP
      • Older Solaris Releases Do Not Work with E1000 Ethernet
    • Known Issues
      • General Issues
        • Responding to Guest IDE/SATA Flush Requests
        • Performance Variation with Frequency Boosting
        • Frequency Scaling Effect on CPU Usage
        • Inaccurate Windows CPU Usage Reporting
        • Poor Performance Caused by Host Power Management
        • Guest SMP (Multiprocessor) Limitations
        • Can't Compact VMDK Virtual Disk Images
        • Preserving the Aspect Ratio in Scale Mode Not Available on All Hosts
        • Drag Limitations
        • Guest OS Won't Run Using ICH9
      • Windows Guests
        • How to Record Bluescreen Information from Windows Guests
        • Windows Guests Cause a High CPU Load
        • Long Delays When Accessing Shared Folders
        • USB Tablet Coordinates Wrong in Windows 98 Guests
        • Windows Guests are Removed From an Active Directory Domain After Restoring a Snapshot
        • Windows XP Guests Have Slower Transmission Rates
      • Linux Guests
        • Repeated Rebuild of Kernel Modules on Reboot of Guest
        • Error When Removing a Monitor
      • Guest Control Not Working
      • Arm Guests
        • 7.1 Saved States and Snapshots Not Usable in 7.2
      • Windows Hosts
        • CD and DVD Changes Not Recognized
        • Issues Accessing Network Shares When VBoxSVC running in Windows Session 0
        • Sluggish Response When Using Microsoft RDP Client
        • Running an iSCSI Initiator and Target on a Single System
        • Bridged Networking Adapters Missing
        • Host-Only Networking Adapters Cannot be Created
        • Poor performance when using Oracle VirtualBox and Hyper-V on the same host
      • Linux Hosts
        • Repeated Rebuild of Kernel Modules on Reboot of Host
        • Linux Kernel Module Refuses to Load
        • Linux Host CD/DVD or Floppy Disk Drive Not Found
        • Strange Guest IDE Error Messages When Writing to CD or DVD
        • VBoxSVC IPC Issues
        • USB Not Working
        • PAX/grsec Kernels
        • Linux Kernel vmalloc Pool Exhausted
      • Oracle Solaris Hosts
        • Cannot Start VM, Not Enough Contiguous Memory
      • macOS Hosts
        • Internal Network Not Working
        • macOS Host Limitations
  • Security Guide
    • General Security Principles
    • Secure Installation and Configuration
      • Installation Overview
      • Post Installation Configuration
    • Security Features
      • The Security Model
      • Secure Configuration of Virtual Machines
        • Networking
        • Security of Remote VMs
        • VRDP Remote Desktop Authentication
        • Clipboard
        • Shared Folders
        • CD/DVD Passthrough
        • USB Passthrough
      • Configuring and Using Authentication
      • Potentially Insecure Operations
      • Encryption
    • Security Recommendations
      • CVE-2018-3646
        • Disable Nested Paging
        • Flushing the Level 1 Data Cache
      • CVE-2018-12126, CVE-2018-12127, CVE-2018-12130, CVE-2019-11091
        • Buffer Overwriting and Disabling Hyper-Threading
  • VBoxManage
    • Introduction
    • Commands Overview
    • VBoxManage
    • VBoxManage adoptstate
    • VBoxManage bandwidthctl
    • VBoxManage checkmediumpwd
    • VBoxManage clonemedium
    • VBoxManage clonevm
    • VBoxManage closemedium
    • VBoxManage cloud
    • VBoxManage cloudprofile
    • VBoxManage controlvm
    • VBoxManage convertfromraw
    • VBoxManage createmedium
    • VBoxManage createvm
    • VBoxManage debugvm
    • VBoxManage dhcpserver
    • VBoxManage discardstate
    • VBoxManage encryptmedium
    • VBoxManage encryptvm
    • VBoxManage export
    • VBoxManage extpack
    • VBoxManage getextradata
    • VBoxManage guestcontrol
    • VBoxManage guestproperty
    • VBoxManage hostonlyif
    • VBoxManage hostonlynet
    • VBoxManage import
    • VBoxManage list
    • VBoxManage mediumio
    • VBoxManage mediumproperty
    • VBoxManage metrics
    • VBoxManage modifymedium
    • VBoxManage modifynvram
    • VBoxManage modifyvm
    • VBoxManage movevm
    • VBoxManage natnetwork
    • VBoxManage objtracker
    • VBoxManage registervm
    • VBoxManage setextradata
    • VBoxManage setproperty
    • VBoxManage sharedfolder
    • VBoxManage showmediuminfo
    • VBoxManage showvminfo
    • VBoxManage signova
    • VBoxManage snapshot
    • VBoxManage startvm
    • VBoxManage storageattach
    • VBoxManage storagectl
    • VBoxManage unattended
    • VBoxManage unregistervm
    • VBoxManage updatecheck
    • VBoxManage usbdevsource
    • VBoxManage usbfilter
    • vboximg-mount
  • Reference
    • Experimental Features
      • Windows on Arm Hosts
      • macOS Guests
      • CD/DVD Passthrough
      • PC Speaker Passthrough
      • Virtual I/O Device SCSI Hard Disk Controller
      • Access iSCSI Targets Using Internal Networking
    • Oracle VirtualBox Privacy Information
  • Change Log
    • Version 7.2.22 (2026-10-20)
    • Version 7.2.20 (2026-09-22)
    • Version 7.2.18 (2026-09-15)
    • Version 7.2.16 (2026-08-18)
    • Version 7.2.14 (2026-07-21)
    • Version 7.2.12 (2026-06-30)
    • Version 7.2.10 (2026-06-16)
    • Version 7.2.8 (2026-04-21)
    • Version 7.2.6 (2026-01-20)
    • Version 7.2.4 (2025-10-21)
    • Version 7.2.2 (2025-09-10)
    • Version 7.2.0 (2025-08-14)
    • Change Logs for Legacy Versions
  • Licensing Information User Manual for Release 7.2
    • Preface
      • Audience
      • Related Documents
    • Introduction
    • Oracle VirtualBox Base Package Licensing Information
      • Third-Party Notices and/or Licenses
      • Open Source or Other Separately Licensed Software
      • Software Licenses
        • A-Profile Architecture
        • alsa-lib
        • Bochs ROM BIOS
        • cereal
        • compositeproto
        • curl
        • Digia QT
        • dnsproxy
        • dri2proto
        • dxmt
        • dxvk
        • EDK2
        • EGL-Registry
        • fixesproto
        • fontsproto
        • FreeBSD
        • Glib
        • glibc
        • glproto
        • glslang
        • gSOAP
        • gtk3 (GNOME desktop)
        • inputproto
        • iPXE
        • JPEG Image Decoding Software
        • kbproto
        • LibGD
        • libjpeg-turbo
        • libogg
        • libpam
        • libpciaccess
        • libpng
        • libslirp
        • libssh
        • libtpms
        • libvorbis
        • libvpx
        • libXcomposite
        • libXdamage
        • libXext
        • libXfixes
        • libxml2
        • Lightweight TCP/IP stack (LWIP)
        • Linux Kernel 5.10.110
        • Linux kernel 6.15.4
        • LLVM
        • LZF
        • MoltenVK
        • Mozilla Suite
        • NASM
        • NSIS NsProcess plugin
        • nullsoft scriptable install system (NSIS)
        • OpenSSL
        • OpenVR
        • opus
        • pixman
        • Plex86/Bochs LGPL VGABios
        • pulseaudio
        • pylibfdt
        • Python
        • QEMU
        • randrproto
        • Reference Implementations for Intel® Architecture Approximation Instructions VRCP14, VRSQRT14, VRCP28, VRSQRT28, and VEXP2
        • renderproto
        • Slirp
        • SoftFloat
        • SPIR-V Headers
        • Vulkan-Headers
        • Wayland
        • Wine
        • WiX (Windows Installer XML toolset)
        • xextproto
        • xf86-input-mouse
        • xf86-video-vesa
        • xf86driproto
        • XFree86 -VidMode Extension
        • xorg-server 1.0.1
        • xorg-server 1.1.0
        • xorg-server 1.3.0.0
        • xorg-server 1.5.3
        • xorg-server 1.4.2
        • xorg-server 1.6.5
        • xorg-server 1.7.7
        • xorg-server 1.8.0
        • xorg-server 1.9.0
        • xorg-server 1.10.0
        • xorg-server 1.11.0
        • xorg-server 1.12.0
        • xorg-server 1.13.0
        • xorg-server 1.14.0
        • xorg-server 1.17.1
        • xorg-server 1.18.0
        • xorg-server 1.15.0
        • xorg-server 1.16.0
        • xproto
        • Zlib Data Compression Library
    • Oracle VirtualBox Extension Pack Licensing Information
      • Third-Party Notices and/or Licenses
      • Open Source or Other Separately Licensed Software
      • Software Licenses
        • curl
        • Mozilla Suite
        • OpenSSL
        • QEMU
        • Zlib Data Compression Library
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