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GeezerVison is showing attack.mitre.org — WhisperGate, Software S0689 | MITRE ATT&CK®

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WhisperGate

WhisperGate is a multi-stage wiper designed to look like ransomware that has been used against multiple government, non-profit, and information technology organizations in Ukraine since at least January 2022.[1][2][3]

ID: S0689
ⓘ
Type: MALWARE
ⓘ
Platforms: Windows
Contributors: Phill Taylor, BT Security; Matt Brenton, Zurich Global Information Security
Version: 1.2
Created: 10 March 2022
Last Modified: 10 April 2024
Version Permalink
Live Version
Enterprise Layer
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Techniques Used

Domain ID Name Use
Enterprise T1134 .002 Access Token Manipulation: Create Process with Token

The WhisperGate third stage can use the AdvancedRun.exe tool to execute commands in the context of the Windows TrustedInstaller group via %TEMP%\AdvancedRun.exe" /EXEFilename "C:\Windows\System32\sc.exe" /WindowState 0 /CommandLine "stop WinDefend" /StartDirectory "" /RunAs 8 /Run.[4]

Enterprise T1071 .001 Application Layer Protocol: Web Protocols

WhisperGate can make an HTTPS connection to download additional files.[2][5]

Enterprise T1059 .001 Command and Scripting Interpreter: PowerShell

WhisperGate can use PowerShell to support multiple actions including execution and defense evasion.[2][4][5]

.003 Command and Scripting Interpreter: Windows Command Shell

WhisperGate can use cmd.exe to execute commands.[2]

.005 Command and Scripting Interpreter: Visual Basic

WhisperGate can use a Visual Basic script to exclude the C:\ drive from Windows Defender.[2][4]

Enterprise T1485 Data Destruction

WhisperGate can corrupt files by overwriting the first 1 MB with 0xcc and appending random extensions.[3][6][1][2][4][5]

Enterprise T1140 Deobfuscate/Decode Files or Information

WhisperGate can deobfuscate downloaded files stored in reverse byte order and decrypt embedded resources using multiple XOR operations.[4][5]

Enterprise T1685 Disable or Modify Tools

WhisperGate can download and execute AdvancedRun.exe to disable the Windows Defender Theat Protection service and set an exclusion path for the C:\ drive.[2][4][5]

Enterprise T1561 .001 Disk Wipe: Disk Content Wipe

WhisperGate can overwrite sectors of a victim host's hard drive at periodic offsets.[6][4][5]

.002 Disk Wipe: Disk Structure Wipe

WhisperGate can overwrite the Master Book Record (MBR) on victim systems with a malicious 16-bit bootloader.[3][6][1][2][4][5]

Enterprise T1083 File and Directory Discovery

WhisperGate can locate files based on hardcoded file extensions.[3][2][4][5]

Enterprise T1070 .004 Indicator Removal: File Deletion

WhisperGate can delete tools from a compromised host after execution.[4]

Enterprise T1105 Ingress Tool Transfer

WhisperGate can download additional stages of malware from a Discord CDN channel.[3][2][4][5]

Enterprise T1680 Local Storage Discovery

WhisperGate has the ability to enumerate fixed logical drives on a targeted system.[4]

Enterprise T1036 Masquerading

WhisperGate has been disguised as a JPG extension to avoid detection as a malicious PE file.[5]

Enterprise T1106 Native API

WhisperGate has used the ExitWindowsEx to flush file buffers to disk and stop running processes and other API calls.[4][7]

Enterprise T1135 Network Share Discovery

WhisperGate can enumerate connected remote logical drives.[4]

Enterprise T1027 .013 Obfuscated Files or Information: Encrypted/Encoded File

WhisperGate can Base64 encode strings, store downloaded files in reverse byte order, and use the Eazfuscator tool to obfuscate its third stage.[4][5][7]

Enterprise T1542 .003 Pre-OS Boot: Bootkit

WhisperGate overwrites the MBR with a bootloader component that performs destructive wiping operations on hard drives and displays a fake ransom note when the host boots.[6][1][3][4][5]

Enterprise T1055 .012 Process Injection: Process Hollowing

WhisperGate has the ability to inject its fourth stage into a suspended process created by the legitimate Windows utility InstallUtil.exe.[4][7]

Enterprise T1620 Reflective Code Loading

WhisperGate's downloader can reverse its third stage file bytes and reflectively load the file as a .NET assembly.[7]

Enterprise T1518 .001 Software Discovery: Security Software Discovery

WhisperGate can recognize the presence of monitoring tools on a target system.[2]

Enterprise T1218 .004 System Binary Proxy Execution: InstallUtil

WhisperGate has used InstallUtil.exe as part of its process to disable Windows Defender.[2]

Enterprise T1569 .002 System Services: Service Execution

WhisperGate can download and execute AdvancedRun.exe via sc.exe.[5][2]

Enterprise T1529 System Shutdown/Reboot

WhisperGate can shutdown a compromised host through execution of ExitWindowsEx with the EXW_SHUTDOWN flag.[4]

Enterprise T1497 .001 Virtualization/Sandbox Evasion: System Checks

WhisperGate can stop its execution when it recognizes the presence of certain monitoring tools.[2]

.003 Virtualization/Sandbox Evasion: Time Based Checks

WhisperGate can pause for 20 seconds to bypass antivirus solutions.[5][7]

Enterprise T1102 Web Service

WhisperGate can download additional payloads hosted on a Discord channel.[6][2][3][4][5]

Groups That Use This Software

ID Name References
G1003 Ember Bear

Ember Bear is associated with WhisperGate use against multiple victims in Ukraine.[8][9][10]

References

  1. Cybereason Nocturnus. (2022, February 15). Cybereason vs. WhisperGate and HermeticWiper. Retrieved March 10, 2022.
  2. Falcone, R. et al.. (2022, January 20). Threat Brief: Ongoing Russia and Ukraine Cyber Conflict. Retrieved March 10, 2022.
  3. MSTIC. (2022, January 15). Destructive malware targeting Ukrainian organizations. Retrieved March 10, 2022.
  4. Biasini, N. et al.. (2022, January 21). Ukraine Campaign Delivers Defacement and Wipers, in Continued Escalation. Retrieved March 14, 2022.
  5. S2W. (2022, January 18). Analysis of Destructive Malware (WhisperGate) targeting Ukraine. Retrieved March 14, 2022.
  1. Crowdstrike. (2022, January 19). Technical Analysis of the WhisperGate Malicious Bootloader. Retrieved March 10, 2022.
  2. Insikt Group. (2020, January 28). WhisperGate Malware Corrupts Computers in Ukraine. Retrieved September 16, 2024.
  3. Microsoft Threat Intelligence. (2023, June 14). Cadet Blizzard emerges as a novel and distinct Russian threat actor. Retrieved July 10, 2023.
  4. CrowdStrike. (2022, March 30). Who is EMBER BEAR?. Retrieved June 9, 2022.
  5. Sadowski, J; Hall, R. (2022, March 4). Responses to Russia's Invasion of Ukraine Likely to Spur Retaliation. Retrieved June 9, 2022.
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