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File and Directory Access¶

The modules described in this chapter deal with disk files and directories. For example, there are modules for reading the properties of files, manipulating paths in a portable way, and creating temporary files. The full list of modules in this chapter is:

  • pathlib — Object-oriented filesystem paths
    • Basic use
    • Exceptions
    • Pure paths
      • General properties
      • Operators
      • Accessing individual parts
      • Methods and properties
    • Concrete paths
      • Parsing and generating URIs
      • Expanding and resolving paths
      • Querying file type and status
      • Reading and writing files
      • Reading directories
      • Creating files and directories
      • Copying, moving and deleting
      • Permissions and ownership
    • Pattern language
    • Comparison to the glob module
    • Comparison to the os and os.path modules
      • Corresponding tools
    • Protocols
  • os.path — Common pathname manipulations
  • stat — Interpreting stat() results
  • filecmp — File and Directory Comparisons
    • The dircmp class
  • tempfile — Generate temporary files and directories
    • Examples
    • Deprecated functions and variables
  • glob — Unix style pathname pattern expansion
    • Examples
  • fnmatch — Unix filename pattern matching
  • linecache — Random access to text lines
  • shutil — High-level file operations
    • Directory and files operations
      • Platform-dependent efficient copy operations
      • copytree example
      • rmtree example
    • Archiving operations
      • Archiving example
      • Archiving example with base_dir
    • Querying the size of the output terminal

See also

Module os

Operating system interfaces, including functions to work with files at a lower level than Python file objects.

Module io

Python’s built-in I/O library, including both abstract classes and some concrete classes such as file I/O.

Built-in function open()

The standard way to open files for reading and writing with Python.

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