In role Numeric§

See primary documentation in context for method pred.

method pred(Numeric:D:)

Returns the number decremented by one (predecessor).

In IO::Path§

See primary documentation in context for method pred.

method pred(IO::Path:D: --> IO::Path:D)

Returns a new IO::Path constructed from the invocant, with .basename changed by calling Str.pred on it.

"foo/file02.txt".IO.pred.say; # OUTPUT: «"foo/file01.txt".IO␤»

In Str§

See primary documentation in context for method pred.

method pred(Str:D: --> Str:D)

Returns the string decremented by one.

String decrementing is "magical" just like string increment (see succ). It fails on underflow

'b0'.pred;           # OUTPUT: «a9»
'a0'.pred;           # OUTPUT: Failure
'img002.png'.pred;   # OUTPUT: «img001.png»

In enum Bool§

See primary documentation in context for routine pred.

method pred(--> Bool:D)

Returns False.

say True.pred;                                    # OUTPUT: «False␤»
say False.pred;                                   # OUTPUT: «False␤»

pred is short for "predecessor"; it returns the previous enum value. Bool is a special enum with only two values, False and True. When sorted, False comes first, so False is the predecessor to True. And since False is the "lowest" Bool enum value, its own predecessor is also False.

In role Enumeration§

See primary documentation in context for method pred.

method pred(::?CLASS:D:)

say Freija.pred;  # OUTPUT: «Oðin␤»

In Allomorph§

See primary documentation in context for method pred.

method pred(Allomorph:D:)

Calls Numeric.pred on the invocant's numeric value.

In Date§

See primary documentation in context for method pred.

method pred(Date:D: --> Date:D)

Returns a Date of the previous day. "pred" is short for "predecessor".

say Date.new("2016-01-01").pred;   # OUTPUT: «2015-12-31␤»