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GeezerVison is showing en.wikipedia.org — Help:Score - Wikipedia
"WP:SCORE" redirects here. For information about how to format the score results of competitions, see Wikipedia:Manual of Style/Dates and numbers § Numbers as figures or words.
The For LilyPond resources, see § External links. As of July 2026, the extension on Wikipedia is using LilyPond V2.24.4 and renders notation as SVG by default (check Special:Version for the current version). Changes to LilyPond 2.24 are documented here. Note that LilyPond's full syntax is available when the extension is invoked with the wikitext Element attributes
If there is a MIDI file or audio file of superior quality to the MIDI or audio generated by the Score extension, you can provide a ExamplesSimple<score> {c' d' e' f' g' fis' es' cis' c'2} </score> gives Musical scores are temporarily disabled due to a security issue. See Help:Score.
Equivalent in ABC notation: <score lang="ABC"> L:1/4 CDEF | G^F_E^C | C2 </score> More elaborate<score sound="1"> \transpose c g \relative c' { % display G for C, A for D, etc. and one octave higher \key c \minor \time 4/4 c4 e8 e g4 g % (text after the % is just a comment) <c es g>2 <c es g> % angle brackets create chords es4 d( c b) % parentheses create slurs a4. r8 r8 a8 ~ a4 % r creates rests; ~ creates ties e-- e-> e-. g\fermata % accents and other signs \bar "|." } </score> gives Musical scores are temporarily disabled due to a security issue. See Help:Score.
Equivalent in ABC (pre-transposed due to differing semantics): <score lang="ABC"> K: Gm M: 4/4 L: 1/4 G =B/2B/2 dd | % a comment [gbd']2 [gbd']2 | % square brackets create chords (not supported by abc2ly) b (ag^e) | % parentheses create slurs =e3/2 z/2 z/2 c/2-c % z creates rests; – creates ties !tenuto!=B LB .B HB % see standard section "Decorations" (not supported by abc2ly) |] </score> SyntaxThe score section must be surrounded by Comments in the markup start with a percentage sign PitchTo display a note, type the letter ( Sharps and flats are formed by using the Dutch and German suffixes "is" and "es" respectively. To avoid "ees", the note E♭ is simply written as
By default, each note name refers to the note below middle C. For example, Musical scores are temporarily disabled due to a security issue. See Help:Score. or Musical scores are temporarily disabled due to a security issue. See Help:Score.
Use the apostrophe ( Musical scores are temporarily disabled due to a security issue. See Help:Score.
<score lang="lilypond" sound="1"> { a,, c, e, a, c e a c' % Middle C e' a' c'' e'' a'' c''' e''' g''' \bar "||" aes'' bes'' gis'' dis'' aeses'' beses'' gisis'' disis'' \bar "||" aeh'' beseh'' gih'' disih'' \bar "||" \language "english" af'' bf'' gs'' ds'' aff'' bff'' gss'' bx'' \bar "||" aqf'' btqf'' gqs'' dtqs'' } </score> Musical scores are temporarily disabled due to a security issue. See Help:Score.
A much easier way is to use relative coding. If you include <score lang="lilypond" sound="1"> \relative c' { e f <c e g>2 a'4( b c) c, d8 e f16 g a b c4. a8 e' f g, f r \autoBeamOff e d c b4 a g b-> c2.-> r4 \bar "|." } </score> Musical scores are temporarily disabled due to a security issue. See Help:Score.
Setting the key
By default there is no key signature (no sharps or flats). You can indicate the key with Keep in mind that even with a key signature, you must still include sharps (-is) and flats (-es) for each individual note name. If you omit one, it will be considered a natural. For example, this is the key of Gb major: <score lang="lilypond" sound="1"> \relative c' { \key ges \major \time 6/8 % Notes with -es suffixes indicating flats des8 es ges aes bes ces % Notes without accidentals (naturals) b c d e g a } </score> Musical scores are temporarily disabled due to a security issue. See Help:Score.
Accidentals
Accidentals may be indicated by following the note name with the appropriate text:
Note that E♭ is "es" alone, rather than "ees". "q" and "tq" refer to "quarter" and "three-quarter" (rather than "hf" for "half flat" and "thf" for "three-half flat"), as in "quarter tone". However, the "quarter flat/sharp" is not a quarter of a flat/sharp, but instead half of a flat/sharp, and the "three-quarter flat/sharp" is 1.5 flats not 0.75 flats. Notes outside of the quarter-tone scale are not supported. German: <score lang="lilypond" sound="1"> { \omit Score.TimeSignature \relative c'' { \time 4/4 aeses1 aeseh aes aeh a! aih ais aisih aisis } } </score> English: <score lang="lilypond" sound="1"> { \omit Score.TimeSignature \relative c'' { \time 4/4 \language "english" aff1 atqf af aqf a! aqs as atqs ass } } </score> Both result in: Musical scores are temporarily disabled due to a security issue. See Help:Score.
Transpose and transpositionIf, for some reason, a piece needs to be transposed to a different key, it is possible to do so without having to transcribe it manually. This also affects the key signature. The syntax for this is: \transpose frompitch topitch musicexpr For example: <score lang="lilypond" sound="1"> \transpose c es { \relative c' { \key c \major \time 4/4 c4 d e f g a b c } } </score> Results in: Musical scores are temporarily disabled due to a security issue. See Help:Score.
MIDI output can be transpositioned with the <score sound="1"> \relative c' { \set Staff.midiInstrument = #"french horn" \set Staff.midiMinimumVolume = #0.7 \set Staff.midiMaximumVolume = #1.0 \tempo "Andante" \tempo 4 = 80 \transposition c \key c \major \time 2/2 c'2->\p d4 e4 | a,4.-> b8 c2 | f4.-> d8 e2 | g-> d4 e | a,4.-> b8 c2 | d4.-> e8 c2 | d2.\pp e4 | c1 } </score> Musical scores are temporarily disabled due to a security issue. See Help:Score.
The <score sound="1"> \new GrandStaff << \new Staff = "violin" \with { instrumentName = "Vln" midiInstrument = "violin" } \relative c'' { % not strictly necessary, but a good reminder \transposition c' \key c \major g4( c8) r c r c4 } \new Staff = "clarinet" \with { instrumentName = \markup { Cl (B\flat) } midiInstrument = "clarinet" } \relative c'' { \transposition bes \key d \major a4( d8) r d r d4 } >> </score> Musical scores are temporarily disabled due to a security issue. See Help:Score.
RhythmNote duration is indicated by a number following the pitch with no space between ( Rests are indicated by using the letter Tuplets are indicated using the <score lang="lilypond" sound="1"> \relative c''{b1 b2 b4 b8 c r4 b4. r8 \times 2/3 {a8 g f}} </score> Musical scores are temporarily disabled due to a security issue. See Help:Score.
Setting the time signatureThe default time signature is 4/4. To set another time signature, one may use the Removing the time signatureFor some music examples, removing the time signature may be desirable; the code <score> { \new Staff \with { \remove "Time_signature_engraver" } <d' fis' a'>2 } </score> Musical scores are temporarily disabled due to a security issue. See Help:Score.
Pick up measureThe code Customizing beamsMusical scores are temporarily disabled due to a security issue. See Help:Score.
The software occasionally combines beamed notes in places that are not desired or look awkward. To override the automatic beams, use <score> \relative c'' { \time 3/4 r4. g8 \noBeam a8 b8 } </score> Musical scores are temporarily disabled due to a security issue. See Help:Score.
To manually beam notes, use square brackets inserting the first one after the first note to be beamed: Musical scores are temporarily disabled due to a security issue. See Help:Score.
Adding lyricsYou can add lyrics to the score using <score raw="1" lang="lilypond"> \header { tagline = "" % no footer title = "Good Morning" composer = "trad." } \relative g' { \key g \major \time 3/4 \partial 4 d e d g fis2 d4 e d a' g2 d4 d' b g fis e c' b g a g2 \fermata \bar "|." } \addlyrics { Good mor -- ning to you, Good mor -- ning to you, Good mor -- ning dear chil -- dren, Good mor -- ning to all. } </score> Musical scores are temporarily disabled due to a security issue. See Help:Score.
Adding chord namesChord names can be added as a separate ChordNames staff as follows: <score lang="lilypond" sound="1"> << \new ChordNames \chordmode { \set chordChanges = ##t % Only display chord when there is a change (e.g., don't repeat the Am here) a4:m a4:m | % measure 1 – A7 would be a:7 g2 | % measure 2 } \new Staff \relative c''{ \key a \minor \time 2/4 a8 a16 a a8 a16 a | % measure 1 b8 a g4 | % measure 2 } >> </score> Musical scores are temporarily disabled due to a security issue. See Help:Score.
The letter
An Musical scores are temporarily disabled due to a security issue. See Help:Score. whereas the Adding whitespaceThe letter
Accents and other symbolsThere are a number of symbols to attach to notes, such as <score> \relative c' { e-> f-- g-+ a-. b\fermata c-_ d-! e-^ } </score> producing Musical scores are temporarily disabled due to a security issue. See Help:Score.
Gregorian notationGregorian chant can be entered using neumes. <score sound="1" raw="1"> \version "2.24.4" \include "gregorian.ly" \header { tagline = ##f } \layout { ragged-right = ##t } cantus = { \set Staff.midiInstrument = "choir aahs" %\clef "vaticana-do3" f e f d e c d \augmentum d \divisioMaior f \[ f\melisma \pes g \melismaEnd \] \[ f\melisma \flexa e \melismaEnd \] \[ d\melisma \flexa c\melismaEnd \] e f e \augmentum d \divisioMaior a, \[ c\melisma \pes d\melismaEnd \] d \[ d\melisma \flexa c\melismaEnd \] e f e \augmentum d \divisioMaxima } verba = \lyricmode { Di -- es i -- rae, di -- es il -- lla, sol -- vet sae -- clum in fa -- vil -- la: tes -- te Da -- vid cum Si -- byl -- la. } \score { \new VaticanaVoice ="cantus" { \clef "vaticana-do3" \cantus } \addlyrics { \verba } \layout { } \midi { \tempo 4=108 } } </score> Musical scores are temporarily disabled due to a security issue. See Help:Score.
Color<score lang="lilypond" sound="1"> { \omit Score.TimeSignature \relative c' { \clef treble \time 7/4 \once \override NoteHead.color = #red c4 d \once \override NoteHead.color = #red e f \once \override NoteHead.color = #red g a b \time 2/4 c2 \bar "||" \time 4/4 <c, e g>1 \bar "||" } } </score> produces Musical scores are temporarily disabled due to a security issue. See Help:Score.
MIDI instrumentsMIDI instrument sounds can be assigned with
Repeated sections and MIDITo indicate a repeated section, prefix it with
MIDI onlyIt is possible to use LilyPond to omit the sheet music output and produce only MIDI output: <score sound raw> \header { tagline = ##f } triad = \relative c' { c4 e g <c e g>2 } empty = r1 \score { \empty \layout { \context { \Staff \RemoveAllEmptyStaves } } } \score { \midi { } \triad } </score> Musical scores are temporarily disabled due to a security issue. See Help:Score.
Hiding tempoMetronome marks, as shown above, may be hidden with
Individual staff sizesIndividual staff sizes can be changed with Musical scores are temporarily disabled due to a security issue. See Help:Score.
For more intricate details, see "Setting the staff size" in the LilyPond manual. Overall sizeA simpler method to change the overall size of a score is to use the CSS property Musical scores are temporarily disabled due to a security issue. See Help:Score. Image frameAlignmentMusical scores are temporarily disabled due to a security issue. See Help:Score. Diatonic scale on C, a "white note" scale Use {{Image frame}} to align scores to the left, center, or right. For example:
results in the image to the right. GroupingMusical scores are temporarily disabled due to a security issue. See Help:Score.
Musical scores are temporarily disabled due to a security issue. See Help:Score.
Musical scores are temporarily disabled due to a security issue. See Help:Score. The three genera of the Dorian octave species on E {{Image frame}} may also be used to group score images together. The text below creates the group of images to the right: {{Image frame|content=<score> { \omit Score.TimeSignature \relative c' { \clef treble \time 4/4 e4^\markup { Enharmonic genus } feh geses a b ceh deses e } } </score> <score> { \omit Score.TimeSignature \relative c' { \clef treble \time 4/4 e4^\markup { Chromatic genus } f ges a b c des e } } </score> <score> { \omit Score.TimeSignature \relative c' { \clef treble \time 4/4 e4^\markup { Diatonic genus } f g a b c d e } } </score>|width=300|caption=The three genera of the Dorian [[octave species]] on E}} See also
ReferencesExternal linksWikimedia Commons has media related to LilyPond manuals.
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