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See also: Strong

English

Alternative forms

strang (dialectal)
stronk (deliberate misspelling)

Etymology

From Middle English strong, strang, from Old English strang (“strong”), from Proto-West Germanic *strang (“severe, strict, rigorous, strong”), from Proto-Germanic *strangaz (“tight, strict, straight, strong”), from Proto-Indo-European *strengʰ- (“taut, stiff, tight”).

Cognate with Scots strang (“strong”), West Frisian strang, string (“strict, harsh, severe, stern, stark, tough, strong, intense”), Dutch streng (“strict, severe, tight”), dialectal Dutch strang (“tight, strict, powerful, intense, mighty, strong”), German streng (“strict, severe, austere”), Danish and Norwegian streng (“strong, hard”), Norwegian strang (“strong, harsh, bitter”), Swedish sträng, strang (“severe, strict, harsh”), Faroese and Icelandic strangur (“strict”), Latin stringō (“tighten”). Related to strict and string.

Pronunciation

(UK) enPR: strŏng, IPA^(key): /stɹɒŋ/, [st̠͡ɹ̠ɒŋ], [ʃt̠͡ɹ̠ɒŋ]
- Audio (UK): (file)
- (Northumbria) IPA^(key): /stɹaŋ/
(US) enPR: strông, IPA^(key): /stɹɔŋ/, [st̠͡ɹ̠ɔŋ], [ʃt̠͡ɹ̠ɔŋ], [ʃt͡ʃɹɔŋ]
(cot–caught merger) enPR: strŏng, IPA^(key): /stɹɑŋ/, [st̠͡ɹ̠ɑŋ], [ʃt̠͡ɹ̠ɑŋ]
Audio (General American): (file)
Audio (US): (file)
Rhymes: -ɒŋ

Adjective

strong (comparative stronger, superlative strongest)

Capable of producing great physical force.
Synonyms: forceful, powerful

Antonyms: weak, forceless

a big strong man; Jake was tall and strong

The man was nearly drowned after a strong undercurrent swept him out to sea.
- 1596, Edmund Spenser, “Book V, Canto I”, in The Faerie Queene. […], London: […] [John Wolfe] for William Ponsonbie, →OCLC:
  For he was swift as swallow in her flight,
  And strong as Lyon in his lordly might.
- 1853 April, Warren Isham, “Notes from Hungary”, in Warren Isham, editor, The Michigan Farmer, volume XI, number 4:
  But what sight is that? It seems a town right in the river, each building standing upon its own foundation, with the deep, strong current of the river sweeping all around it? They are flouring mills operated by the natural current of the stream.
Capable of withstanding great physical force.
Synonyms: durable, sturdy, tough

Antonym: fragile

a strong foundation; good strong shoes
- 1889, Friedrich Nietzsche, “Sprüche und Pfeile [Maxims and Arrows]”, in Götzen-Dämmerung, oder, Wie man mit dem Hammer philosophiert [Twilight of the Idols, or, How to Philosophize with a Hammer]:
  Was mich nicht umbringt, macht mich stärker.
  What does not kill me, makes me stronger.
(loosely) Possessing power, might, or strength.
- 1611, The Holy Bible, […] (King James Version), London: […] Robert Barker, […], →OCLC, Proverbs 24:5:
  A wise man is strong, yea a man of knowledge encreaseth strength.
- 1954, J[ohn] R[onald] R[euel] Tolkien, “The Passage of the Marshes”, in The Two Towers (The Lord of the Rings; 2), HarperCollinsPublishers, published 2001, page 619:
  Perhaps we grows very strong, stronger than Wraiths. Lord Smeagol? Gollum the Great? The Gollum! Eat fish every day, three times a day, fresh from the sea.
- 2010, Heinrich D Holland, Karl K. Turekian, Isotope Geochemistry:
  Outgassing of oxygen is strongest when primary production rates are greatest; ingassing is at a maximum during net respiration.
- 2007 May 27, Sam Roberts, “In a City Known for Its Renters, a Record Number Now Own Their Homes”, in The New York Times‎^[1], New York, N.Y.: The New York Times Company, →ISSN, →OCLC, archived from the original on 27 February 2021:
  “Homeownership,” says John H. Mollenkopf, executive director of the Center for Urban Research at the City University of New York Graduate Center, “is the strongest predictor of being likely to turn out in local politics and being a bit more conservative and antitax in your general outlook.”
Determined; unyielding.
Synonyms: ardent, zealous, (dialectal) swith
- 1918, W[illiam] B[abington] Maxwell, The Mirror and the Lamp, Indianapolis, Ind.: The Bobbs-Merrill Company, →OCLC:
  The young priests who lived here wore cassocks and birettas; their faces were fine and mild, yet really strong, like the rector's face; and in their intercourse with him and his wife they seemed to be brothers.
- 1934 March, Hermann Göring, Germany Reborn, page 47:
  Ideas are eternal; they hang in the stars, and a man must be brave and strong enough to reach up to the stars and fetch down the fire from heaven and to carry the torch among men.
- 2019 February 3, “UN Study: China, US, Japan Lead World AI Development”, in Voice of America‎^[2], archived from the original on 7 February 2019:
  It noted China was especially strong in the fast-growing area of “deep learning.”
He is strong in the face of adversity.
Highly stimulating to the senses.
Synonyms: extreme, intense

a strong light; a strong taste
Having an offensive or intense odor or flavor.
Synonym: rank

a strong smell
Having a high concentration of an essential or active ingredient.
Synonyms: concentrated, potent

Antonyms: weak, diluted, impotent

a strong cup of coffee; a strong medicine
(specifically) Having a high alcoholic content.
Synonym: hard

a strong drink

She gets up, and pours herself a strong one. - Eagles, Lying Eyes
(grammar) Inflecting in a different manner than the one called weak, such as Germanic verbs which change vowels.
Antonym: weak

a strong verb
(Indo-European studies, especially of stems or inflected roots) Of a form in which the accent is in the leftmost (first) slot allowed in the relevant paradigm, or reflecting an ancestral Proto-Indo-European form in which this was the case, as opposed to tending to shift to the right.
- 2007, James Clackson, Indo-European Linguistics: An Introduction‎^[3], Cambridge University Press, →ISBN, section 3.5, page 79:
  Paradigmatic slots in which the accent and correlating e-grade are positioned further to the left of the word are traditionally termed strong, those with accent and e-grade further to the right, are called weak. In all nouns and verbs which show these alternations, the strong and the weak forms are predictable from the morphological category […].
Antonym: weak

PIE strong stems were most frequently in the full grade (e-grade), less often in the o-grade (though more common in thematic nouns and stative verbs) and least often in the zero grade.
1. (of nouns and adjectives) In the nominative, accusative or vocative case, regardless of number, or sometimes in the locative singular.
  Strong *dʰéh₁-mn̥, weak *dʰh₁-mén-.
2. (of verbs) Typically, of a conjugation which is singular and active; i.e., excluding dual and plural numbers and passive/middle voices.
  Strong *dʰéh₁- (e.g. *dʰéh₁m̥ (“I put”), *dʰéh₁oh₂ (“I would put”)), weak *dʰh₁- (e.g. *dʰh₁ént (“they all put”), active participle *dʰh₁ónts, *dʰh₁tó (“(he/she/it) is placed”), middle participle *dʰh₁m̥h₁nós).
(chemistry) That completely ionizes into anions and cations in a solution.
Antonym: weak

a strong acid; a strong base
(military) Not easily subdued or taken.
Synonyms: impregnable, inviolable, secure, unassailable, unattackable

Antonym: weak

a strong position
Having wealth or resources.
a strong economy
(slang, US) Impressive, good.
You're working with troubled youth in your off time? That’s strong!
Having a specified number of people or units.
The enemy's army force was five thousand strong.
- c. 1587–1588 (date written), [Christopher Marlowe], Tamburlaine the Great. […] The First Part […], 2nd edition, part 1, London: […] [R. Robinson for] Richard Iones, […], published 1592, →OCLC; reprinted as Tamburlaine the Great (A Scolar Press Facsimile), Menston, Yorkshire; London: Scolar Press, 1973, →ISBN, Act II, scene i:
  Our armie will be forty thouſand ſtrong,
  When Tamburlain and braue Theridamas
  Haue met vs by the riuer Araris:
  And all conioin’d to meete the witleſſe King,
  That now is marching neere to Parthia.
(of a disease or symptom) Severe; very bad or intense.
- 2005, Andrew Gaeddert, Healing Immune Disorders: Natural Defense-Building Solutions, North Atlantic Books, page 221:
  Physicians may diagnosis influenza by a throat culture or blood test, which may be important if you have a particularly strong flu, if your doctor suspects pneumonia or a bacterial infection.
(mathematics, logic) Having a wide range of logical consequences; widely applicable. (Often contrasted with a weak statement which it implies.)
(of an argument) Convincing.
- 1558, John Knox, The Appellation of Iohn Knoxe from the cruell and moſt iniuſt ſentence pronounced againſt him by the falſe biſhoppes and clergie of Scotland, page 11v:
  […] but grounding him ſelfe vpon ſtrong reaſons, to wit, that he had not offended the Iewes, neither yet the Law, but that he was innocēt, and therefore that no iudge oght to geue hym in the hādes of his ennemies […]

Hyponyms

ultrastrong

Derived terms

Descendants

Sranan Tongo: tranga
- Aukan: taanga
- Saramaccan: taánga

Translations

capable of producing great physical force

Abkhaz: аӷәӷәа (ağğʷa)
Afrikaans: sterk (af)
Akkadian: 𒆗 (dannu)
Albanian: i fortë (sq)
Amami Ōshima:
Northern Amami Ōshima: 強ーさり (ちゅーさり, chūsari)

Southern Amami Ōshima: 強ーさむっ (ちゅーさむっ, chūsam)
Amharic: ፈርጠም (färṭäm)
Arabic: قَوِيّ (qawiyy)
Hijazi Arabic: قَوي (gawi)

Najdi Arabic: قُوي (guwi)
Aragonese: fuerte
Armenian: ուժեղ (hy) (užeġ)
Aromanian: vãrtos, cadãr, putut, ndrumin, silnãos, silnãvos
Assamese: বলী (boli)
Asturian: fuerte (ast)
Avar: гучаб (gučab)
Azerbaijani: güclü (az)
Banjarese: iskaya
Bashkir: көслө (köslö), көстө (köstö) (Eastern)
Belarusian: сі́льны (sílʹny), мо́цны (be) (mócny)
Bengali: শক্তিশালী (bn) (śoktiśali)
Bhojpuri: मजबूत (majᵊbūt)
Bikol:
Central Bikol: makusog (bcl)
Bulgarian: си́лен (bg) (sílen)
Burmese: ကျန်း (my) (kyan:), ပြင်း (my) (prang:), ဗလဝ (my) (ba.la.wa.)
Catalan: fort (ca)
Chamicuro: tinowa
Chechen: нуьцкъала (nücqʼala), чӏогӏа (čʼoğa)
Chinese:
Mandarin: 強 / 强 (zh) (qiáng)
Chuukese: pochokun
Crimean Tatar: küçlü
Czech: silný (cs)
Dalmatian: fuart
Danish: stærk (da)
Dutch: sterk (nl), krachtig (nl)
Esperanto: forta
Estonian: tugev (et)
Even: эӈси (əŋsi)
Evenki: эңэси
Extremaduran: huerti
Finnish: vahva (fi), voimakas (fi), väkevä (fi)
French: fort (fr)
Frisian:
West Frisian: sterk
Friulian: fuart
Galician: forte (gl)
Georgian: ძლიერი (ʒlieri)
German: stark (de), kräftig (de)
Gothic: 𐍃𐍅𐌹𐌽𐌸𐍃 (swinþs)
Greek: δυνατός (el) (dynatós), ισχυρός (el) (ischyrós)
Ancient Greek: ἰσχυρός (iskhurós), σθεναρός (sthenarós), καρτερός (karterós), (Epic) ἴφιος (íphios)
Greenlandic: sakkortuvoq
Guarani:
Mbya Guarani: mbaraete
Guianese Creole: fò
Haitian Creole: fò
Hebrew: חָזָק (he) (khazák)
Hindi: बलवान (hi) (balvān), शक्तिशाली (hi) (śaktiśālī), बली (hi) (balī), ताक़तवर (tāqatvar)
Hmong:
White Hmong: please add this translation if you can
Hungarian: erős (hu)
Icelandic: sterkur (is)
Indonesian: kuat (id)
Ingrian: vahva, see Thesaurus:vahva
Irish: láidir, bríomhar, neartmhar, calma, urrúnta, tréan
Italian: forte (it), aitante (it)
Japanese: 強い (ja) (つよい, tsuyoi)
Javanese: kuat, rosa (jv)
Kazakh: күшті (küšti)
Khmer: ខ្លាំង (km) (khlang)
Kikai: 強さい (つさい, tsusai)
Korean: 강하다 (ko) (ganghada), 세다 (ko) (seda)
Kunigami: 強ーせん (ちゅーせん, chūsen)
Kurdish:
Central Kurdish: بەقوەت (beqwet)
Kyrgyz: күчтүү (ky) (küctüü)
Laboya: maddo, kadiwoka, kulha, tuhula
Lao: ກຳລັງ (kam lang), ກັດ (lo) (kat), ແຂງແຮງ (lo) (khǣng hǣng), ແຮງ (hǣng)
Latgalian: styprys, dykts
Latin: robustus, firmus, valens (la), validus, potens (la)
Latvian: stiprs (lv), varens, spēcīgs
Lithuanian: stiprus (lt)
Livonian: viš
Lombard: fort
Luxembourgish: staark
Macedonian: си́лен (sílen)
Maguindanao: mabager
Malay: kuat (ms)
Maltese: qawwi
Manobo:
Western Bukidnon Manobo: meviɣer
Manx: lajer
Māori: kaha (mi), tāngutungutu, kōmārohi (of physique or build)
Maranao: mabeger
Mari:
Eastern Mari: виян (vijan)
Mauritian Creole: for
Mirandese: fuorte
Miyako: 強 (つー, tsū)
Mongolian: бөх (mn) (böx)
Nanai: манга (maŋa)
Nepali: बलियो (baliyo)
Norman: fort (Jersey)
Norwegian:
Bokmål: sterk (no)
Nuxalk: tlh
Occitan: fòrt (oc)
Okinawan: 強ーさん (ちゅーさん, chūsan)
Okinoerabu: 強ーさん (ちゅーさん, chūsan)
Oromo: jabaa
Ossetian: тыхджын (tyxǵyn)
Persian: قوی (fa) (qavi), زورمند (fa) (zurmand)
Plautdietsch: stoakj
Polish: silny (pl), krzepki (pl), mocny (pl)
Portuguese: forte (pt)
Quechua: sinchi
Romanian: puternic (ro)
Romansh: ferm
Russian: си́льный (ru) (sílʹnyj), мо́щный (ru) (móščnyj)
Samoan: mālosi
Sanskrit: प्रबल (sa) (prabala), बलवान (balavāna), सबल (sa) (sabala)
Vedic Sanskrit: तूय (sa) (tū́ya), तवस् (sa) (tavás)
Sardinian: folte, forte, forti
Scottish Gaelic: làidir, cumhachdach, lùthmhor, neartmhor, treun
Serbo-Croatian:
Cyrillic: си̑лан, ја̏к, сна́жан

Latin: sȋlan (sh), jȁk (sh), snážan (sh)
Sidamo: jawaata
Slovak: silný
Slovene: močan (sl), silen
Spanish: fuerte (es)
Sumerian: 𒆗 (KALAG, KALAGA)
Swahili: imara (sw)
Swedish: kraftfull (sv), stark (sv)
Tagalog: malakas
Tajik: қавӣ (tg) (qavi)
Tatar: көчле (köçle), куәтле (quwätle)
Tausug: makusug
Telugu: బలమైన (te) (balamaina)
Tetum: maka'as
Thai: แข็งแรง (th) (kɛ̌ng-rɛɛng)
Tibetan: ཤུགས་ཆེན་པོ (shugs chen po)
Tokunoshima: 強ーさい (ちょーさい, chōsai)
Tongan: mālohi
Turkish: güçlü (tr), kuvvetli (tr), gür (tr)
Turkmen: güýçli
Tuvan: шыдалдыг (şıdaldıg), шыырак (şıırak), дыңзыг (dıñzıg), күштүг (küştüg), мөчэк (möçek)
Ukrainian: си́льний (sýlʹnyj), мі́цний (mícnyj)
Unami: chitanësi
Urdu: بلوان (balavān), طاقتور (tāqatvar)
Uyghur: كۈچلۈك (küchlük)
Uzbek: kuchli (uz)
Vietnamese: mạnh (vi)
Welsh: cryf (cy), cadarn (cy), grymus (cy), nerthol (cy)
Yaeyama: 強ーさん (つーさん, tsūsan)
Yakut: бөҕө (böğö), күүстээх (küüsteeq)
Yámana: manakata
Yiddish: שטאַרק (shtark)
Yonaguni: 強ん (すさん, susan)
Yoron: 強ーさん (ちゅーさん, chūsan)
Zhuang: ak, rengz

capable of withstanding great physical force

Afrikaans: sterk (af)
Arabic: مَنِيع (manīʕ), مَتِين (ar) (matīn)
Armenian: պինդ (hy) (pind)
Azerbaijani: möhkəm (az)
Bulgarian: як (bg) (jak)
Catalan: fort (ca)
Chinese:
Mandarin: 強力 / 强力 (zh) (qiánglì)
Danish: stærk (da)
Dutch: sterk (nl), stevig (nl)
Estonian: tugev (et)
Finnish: vahva (fi), kestävä (fi), luja (fi), vankka (fi), pitävä (fi)
French: solide (fr)
German: stark (de)
Greek:
Ancient Greek: ἀαγής (aagḗs)
Hebrew: חָזָק (he) (khazak), עמיד (‘amíd)
Hindi: शक्तिशाली (hi) (śaktiśālī), बली (hi) (balī), मज़बूत (mazbūt), तगड़ा (hi) (tagṛā)
Irish: láidir, urrúnta
Italian: solido (it)
Japanese: 強力な (ja) (きょうりょくな, kyōryoku na)
Komi:
Komi-Zyrian: ён (jon)
Korean: 굳세다 (gutseda)
Kurdish:
Central Kurdish: بەھێز (ckb) (behêz), توند (ckb) (tund)
Latin: obstans, firmus
Latvian: stiprs (lv), izturīgs
Manx: lajer
Mari:
Eastern Mari: виян (vijan)
Polish: wytrzymały (pl), solidny (pl)
Portuguese: forte (pt), resistente (pt)
Romanian: puternic (ro)
Russian: про́чный (ru) (próčnyj), кре́пкий (ru) (krépkij), сто́йкий (ru) (stójkij)
Sanskrit: दृढ़
Scottish Gaelic: làidir
Serbo-Croatian:
Cyrillic: сна́жан, си̑лан, кре̏пак

Latin: snážan (sh), sȋlan (sh), krȅpak (sh), goroloman
Spanish: resistente (es)
Swahili: imara (sw)
Swedish: hållfast (sv), stadig (sv), stark (sv)
Telugu: దృఢమైన (te) (dr̥ḍhamaina)
Turkish: dayanıklı (tr), dirençli (tr), mukavim (tr), sağlam (tr)
Unami: chitanësi
Urdu: مضبوط (mazbūt), تگڑا (tagaṛā)
Vietnamese: chắc (vi)
Welsh: cadarn (cy), solet (cy)

fast moving water

Arabic: شَدِيد (šadīd)
Bulgarian: силен (bg) (silen)
Finnish: voimakas (fi), vahva (fi)
German: stark (de), kräftig (de)
Ingrian: selvä
Italian: forte (it)
Norwegian:
Bokmål: sterk (no)
Russian: бы́стрый (ru) (býstryj)
Tuvan: шапкын (şapkın), шалыпкын (şalıpkın)

determined, unyielding

Afrikaans: sterk (af), standvastig, determineerd
Arabic: قَوِيّ (qawiyy), راسِخ (rāsiḵ)
Azerbaijani: möhkəm (az), davamlı, mətin
Bulgarian: решителен (bg) (rešitelen)
Catalan: fort (ca)
Danish: stærk (da)
Dutch: sterk (nl), standvastig (nl)
Finnish: luja (fi), sisukas (fi), sinnikäs (fi), peräänantamaton (fi), lannistumaton (fi), sitkeä (fi), hellittämätön (fi)
French: fort (fr)
German: standhaft (de)
Hebrew: נחוש (he) (nakhúsh)
Italian: determinato (it), convinto (it)
Japanese: 強い (ja) (つよい, tsuyoi), 断固とした (danko to shita)
Korean: 굳세다 (gutseda)
Latin: firmus
Māori: mārohirohi (of character)
Norman: fort (Jersey)
Portuguese: forte (pt)
Romanian: vârtos (ro)
Russian: сто́йкий (ru) (stójkij)
Scottish Gaelic: làidir
Serbo-Croatian:
Cyrillic: сна́жан

Latin: snážan (sh)
Swedish: energisk (sv), stark (sv)
Telugu: దృఢమైన (te) (dr̥ḍhamaina)
Thai: แข็งแกร่ง (th)

highly stimulating to the senses

Afrikaans: sterk (af), kragtig
Arabic: شَدِيد (šadīd), قَوْيّ (qawyy)
Azerbaijani: kəskin (az)
Bulgarian: силен (bg) (silen)
Catalan: fort (ca)
Dutch: sterk (nl), krachtig (nl)
Finnish: vahva (fi), voimakas (fi)
French: fort (fr)
German: stark (de)
Italian: intenso (it)
Japanese: 強い (ja) (つよい, tsuyoi), 強烈な (ja) (きょうれつな, kyōretsu na)
Korean: 세다 (ko) (seda)
Kurdish:
Central Kurdish: بەقوەت (beqwet)
Latin: firmus
Norman: fort (Jersey)
Norwegian:
Bokmål: sterk (no)
Portuguese: forte (pt)
Russian: ре́зкий (ru) (rézkij), си́льный (ru) (sílʹnyj)
Serbo-Croatian:
Cyrillic: ја̏к

Latin: jȃk (sh)
Swahili: imara (sw)
Swedish: mustig (sv), stark (sv)
Turkish:
Ottoman Turkish: كسكین (keskin), سرت (sert)

having an offensive or intense odor or flavor

Afrikaans: sterk (af)
Arabic: شَدِيد (šadīd)
Catalan: fort (ca)
Chinese:
Mandarin: 強烈 / 强烈 (zh) (qiángliè)
Dutch: sterk (nl), krachtig (nl)
Finnish: voimakas (fi), väkevä (fi)
French: fort (fr)
German: streng (de)
Ingrian: väkövä
Irish: borb, garg
Italian: intenso (it), cattivo (it), forte (it)
Japanese: 強烈な (ja) (きょうれつな, kyōretsu na)
Korean: 짙다 (ko) (jitda)
Kurdish:
Central Kurdish: بەقوەت (beqwet), کەسکوون (keskûn)
Latin: firmus
Norman: fort (Jersey)
Norwegian:
Bokmål: sterk (no)
Polish: mocny (pl)
Portuguese: forte (pt)
Russian: ре́зкий (ru) (rézkij), я́ркий (ru) (járkij) (color), си́льный (ru) (sílʹnyj)
Serbo-Croatian:
Cyrillic: сна́жан

Latin: snážan (sh)
Spanish: fuerte (es)
Swahili: imara (sw)
Swedish: frän (sv), stark (sv), skarp (sv)
Turkish:
Ottoman Turkish: كسكین (keskin), ایتی (iti), حریف (hirrif) (of flavors)

having a high concentration of an essential or active ingredient

Afrikaans: sterk (af), konsentreerd
Arabic: حَادّ (ḥādd), ثَقِيل (ṯaqīl)
Azerbaijani: tünd, qəliz (of liquids, solutions)
Bashkir: ҡаты (qatï) (of tea, coffee)
Bulgarian: силен (bg) (silen)
Catalan: fort (ca)
Danish: stærk (da)
Dutch: sterk (nl), geconcentreerd (nl)
Finnish: väkevä (fi)
French: fort (fr)
German: stark (de) (of coffee, tee, tobacco), kräftig (de) (of broth)
Hebrew: חָזָק (he) (khazák)
Hungarian: erős (hu)
Italian: forte (it)
Japanese: 強い (ja) (つよい, tsuyoi)
Korean: 짙다 (ko) (jitda)
Latin: firmus
Latvian: stiprs (lv), spēcīgs
Manx: çhiu
Norman: fort (Jersey)
Norwegian:
Bokmål: sterk (no)
Polish: mocny (pl)
Portuguese: forte (pt)
Russian: кре́пкий (ru) (krépkij), сильноде́йствующий (ru) (silʹnodéjstvujuščij), си́льный (ru) (sílʹnyj)
Serbo-Croatian:
Cyrillic: ја̏к

Latin: jȃk (sh)
Swahili: imara (sw)
Swedish: stark (sv)
Telugu: గాఢమైన (te) (gāḍhamaina)
Turkish: sert (tr)

having a high alcoholic content

Afrikaans: sterk (af)
Arabic: ثَقِيل (ṯaqīl)
Azerbaijani: tünd, spirtli
Catalan: fort (ca)
Dutch: sterk (nl)
Finnish: väkevä (fi), tiukka (fi) (colloquial), tuju (fi) (colloquial), jäykkä (fi) (colloquial), vahva (fi)
French: fort (fr)
German: stark (de)
Hungarian: erős (hu)
Italian: forte (it)
Japanese: 強い (ja) (つよい, tsuyoi)
Norman: fort (Jersey)
Norwegian:
Bokmål: sterk (no)
Polish: mocny (pl)
Portuguese: forte (pt)
Russian: кре́пкий (ru) (krépkij)
Scottish Gaelic: làidir
Serbo-Croatian:
Cyrillic: ја̏к

Latin: jȃk (sh)
Swedish: stark (sv)
Tuvan: доң (doñ)

grammar: irregular

Afrikaans: ongewoon
Arabic: شَاذّ (ar) (šāḏḏ), غَيْر نِظَامِيّ (ḡayr niẓāmiyy)
Azerbaijani: qüvvətli
Bulgarian: силен (bg) (silen)
Danish: uregelmæssig
Dutch: sterk (nl)
Finnish: vahva (fi), epäsäännöllinen (fi)
French: fort (fr) (in some languages), irrégulier (fr)
German: stark (de)
Hungarian: erős (hu)
Italian: irregolare (it)
Latin: anomalus
Norwegian:
Bokmål: sterk (no)
Portuguese: forte (pt) (only in some languages), irregular (pt)
Russian: си́льный (ru) (sílʹnyj), непра́вильный (ru) (neprávilʹnyj)
Serbo-Croatian:
Cyrillic: ја̏к

Latin: jȃk (sh)
Swedish: oregelbunden (sv), stark (sv)

military: not easily subdued or taken

Afrikaans: sterk (af)
Arabic: مَنِيع (manīʕ), حَصِين (ḥaṣīn)
Catalan: fort (ca)
Dutch: sterk (nl)
Finnish: vahva (fi)
French: fort (fr)
German: stark (de)
Italian: valido (it)
Japanese: 強い (ja) (つよい, tsuyoi), 強力な (ja) (きょうりょくな, kyōryoku na)
Korean: 굳세다 (gutseda)
Latin: firmus
Russian: мо́щный (ru) (móščnyj)
Swahili: imara (sw)
Swedish: stark (sv)

slang: impressive

Afrikaans: sterk (af), kras
Dutch: sterk (nl), kras (nl)
Finnish: siisti (fi)
Hebrew: מרשים (marshim)
Italian: impressionante (it)
Japanese: 強烈 (ja) (kyōretsu)
Latin: firmus
Swahili: imara (sw)
Turkish: etkileyici (tr)

having a specified number of people or units

Finnish: vahva (fi)
Hungarian: fős (hu)
Italian: stabile (it)
Latin: firmus

convincing

Arabic: دامِغ (dāmiḡ)
Finnish: vahva (fi)
French: fort (fr)
German: stark (de), gut (de)
Italian: forte (it), fondato (it), convincente (it)
Polish: mocny (pl), silny (pl)
Portuguese: forte (pt)
Spanish: fuerte (es)

The translations below need to be checked and inserted above into the appropriate translation tables. See instructions at Wiktionary:Entry layout § Translations.

Translations to be checked

Chinese:
Mandarin: ^{(please verify)} 强壮的, ^{(please verify)} 坚固的 (jiāngù de)
Estonian: ^{(please verify)} tugev (et)
German: ^{(please verify)} stark (de) (1,2,3,4,5,6), ^{(please verify)} kräftig (de) (1,4)
Greek: ^{(please verify)} δυνατός (el) (dynatós)
Ido: ^{(please verify)} forta (io)
Irish: ^{(please verify)} balcánta, ^{(please verify)} urrúsach
Tzotzil: ^{(please verify)} tzotz
Woiwurrung: ^{(please verify)} balert

Noun

strong pl (plural only)

(preceded by the) Strong people, collectively.

Adverb

strong (not comparable)

In a strong manner.
As a salesperson I always come on strong.

Synonyms

(in a strong manner): forcefully, powerfully, vigorously, strongly

Antonyms

(antonym(s) of “in a strong manner”): forcelessly, powerlessly, weakly

Translations

in a strong manner

Arabic: بِقُوَّة (biquwwa)
Bulgarian: силно (bg) (silno)
Catalan: fort (ca)
Finnish: vahvasti (fi), voimakkaasti (fi)
Japanese: 激しく (hageshiku)
Middle English: stronge
Swedish: krafigt, kraftfullt (sv), starkt (sv)

Anagrams

trongs

Middle English

Etymology 1

Inherited from Old English strang, from Proto-West Germanic *strang, from Proto-Germanic *strangaz.

Alternative forms

stronge, stronke, stron, strange, straunge

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /strɔ̝ːnɡ/, /strɔnɡ/
IPA^(key): /stroːnɡ/, /strunɡ/ (West Midland)
IPA^(key): /stranɡ/, /straːnɡ/ (Northern)

Adjective

strong (plural and weak singular stronge, comparative strengere, strongere, superlative strengest, strongest)

strong
Antonyms: feble, weyk

Related terms

Descendants

English: strong, strang (dialectal), stronk (deliberate misspelling)
- Sranan Tongo: tranga
  - Aukan: taanga
  - Saramaccan: taánga
Scots: strang
Yola: straung

References

“strong, adj.”, in MED Online, Ann Arbor, Mich.: University of Michigan, 2007.

Etymology 2

Adjective

strong

alternative form of straunge

Etymology 3

Adjective

strong

alternative form of stronge

Old English

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /stronɡ/, [stroŋɡ]

Adjective

strong

alternative form of strang

Declension

Declension of strong — Strong

Singular	Masculine	Feminine	Neuter
Nominative	strong	strong	strong
Accusative	strongne	stronge	strong
Genitive	stronges	strongre	stronges
Dative	strongum	strongre	strongum
Instrumental	stronge	strongre	stronge
Plural	Masculine	Feminine	Neuter
Nominative	stronge	stronga, stronge	strong
Accusative	stronge	stronga, stronge	strong
Genitive	strongra	strongra	strongra
Dative	strongum	strongum	strongum
Instrumental	strongum	strongum	strongum

Declension of strong — Weak

Singular	Masculine	Feminine	Neuter
Nominative	stronga	stronge	stronge
Accusative	strongan	strongan	stronge
Genitive	strongan	strongan	strongan
Dative	strongan	strongan	strongan
Instrumental	strongan	strongan	strongan
Plural	Masculine	Feminine	Neuter
Nominative	strongan	strongan	strongan
Accusative	strongan	strongan	strongan
Genitive	strongra, strongena	strongra, strongena	strongra, strongena
Dative	strongum	strongum	strongum
Instrumental	strongum	strongum	strongum

Swedish

Etymology

Through Swedish slang, based on English strong, since 1922. There is also a form strång with a different sense since 1640.

Adjective

strong (comparative strongare, superlative strongast)

(colloquial) mentally and morally strong, courageous
(colloquial) strong (of a performance or the like)
Synonym: stark

Declension

Inflection of **strong**
Indefinite	positive	comparative	superlative¹
common singular	strong	strongare	strongast
neuter singular	strongt	strongare	strongast
plural	stronga	strongare	strongast
masculine plural²	stronge	strongare	strongast

Definite	positive	comparative	superlative
masculine singular³	stronge	strongare	strongaste
all	stronga	strongare	strongaste

¹ The indefinite superlative forms are only used in the predicative.
² Dated or archaic.
³ Only used, optionally, to refer to things whose natural gender is masculine.

Related terms

strongt

References

“strong”, in Svensk ordbok [Dictionary of Swedish] (in Swedish)
“strong”, in Svenska Akademiens ordlista [Wordlist of the Swedish Academy] (in Swedish)
“strong”, in Svenska Akademiens ordbok [Dictionary of the Swedish Academy] (in Swedish)

Tok Pisin

Etymology

From English strong.

Adjective

strong

Capable of producing great physical force; strong.
Capable of withstanding great physical force; strong.
Determined, unyielding.

Noun

strong

Strength
- 1989, Buk Baibel long Tok Pisin, Port Moresby: Bible Society of Papua New Guinea, Jenesis 1:22:
  Na God i mekim gutpela tok bilong givim strong long ol. Em i tokim ol olsem, “Yupela ol kain kain samting bilong solwara, yupela i mas kamap planti na pulapim olgeta hap bilong solwara. Na yupela ol pisin, yupela i mas kamap planti long graun.”
  →New International Version translation

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