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DNS dictionary
Here are a few quick definitions to get you started:
| A record |
A very common type of DNS record. It contains an IPv4 address, like 1.2.3.4 |
| Authoritative DNS server |
This is one type of DNS server. Every domain has an
authoritative DNS server assigned to it.
The way DNS requests generally flow is:
you -> DNS resolver -> authoritative
DNS server
|
| CNAME record |
A common type of DNS record. It contains an hostname
address, like example.com. CNAME records comic.
|
| DNS name |
Every time you type a domain, subdomain, or sub-sub-domain into your browser, that's a DNS name!
A DNS name (like bananas.prince.fruit.oops.pie.com.) has to:
- be less than 255 characters
- each part like ("bananas") needs to be less than 63 characters
- theoretically it should be composed of only a-z, A-Z, 0-9, and "-" characters, but it's common for domain names to have underscores in them too
Other than that, DNS queries can contain any DNS name.
|
| DNS record |
When you make a DNS query, you get 0 or more records in response. Every record has at least 4 fields: the name, the TTL, the type, and one or more content fields. For example the IP address in an A record is its content.
|
| DNS resolver |
This is one type of DNS server. A resolver takes your request, sends it to the right authoritative DNS server, and caches the result. You might be using a resolver run by Google, Cloudflare, or your ISP. |
| DNS query |
A DNS query is a request that you send to a DNS server. It contains 2 fields: the name (like example.com), and the type (like "A").
|
| Subdomain |
See DNS name
|
| TTL |
Stands for Time To Live. This is a DNS record field. It's an number of seconds. DNS resolvers use it to decide how long to cache the record. |