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Terms of Use

Last Updated: October 6, 2026

Changes in the Latest Update

• Update to indirect tax remittance services

• Additional terms for political contributions

• Clarify dispute resolution procedures

• Clarify content moderation procedures

Welcome to Substack! 

These Terms of Use are a binding contract between you and Substack Inc. (“we”, “us”, “our”). It contains the rules and restrictions that govern your use of Substack’s products and services (referred to below simply as “Substack”). If you have any questions, comments, or concerns regarding these Terms or our products and services, please contact us at [email protected].

Using Substack in any way means that you agree to all of these Terms, and these Terms will remain in effect while you use Substack. These Terms include everything in this document, as well as those in the Privacy Notice, Publisher Agreement, Content Guidelines, and Copyright Dispute Policy. If you don’t agree to all of the following, you may not use or access Substack in any manner. 

You represent and warrant that you are of legal age to form a binding contract. As detailed further below, you may not and must not use Substack if you are under 16 years old.

If you’re agreeing to these Terms on behalf of an organization or entity, you represent and warrant that you are authorized to agree to these Terms on that organization or entity’s behalf and bind them to these Terms (in which case, the references to “you” and “your” throughout this document refer to that organization or entity).

Creating an Account on Substack

You may be required to sign up for an account and select a password. You promise to provide us with accurate, complete, and up-to-date registration information about yourself. 

You agree that you will only use Substack for your own personal or organizational use, and not on behalf of or for the benefit of any third party. You may not transfer your account to anyone else without our prior written permission.

You may not select as your Substack account name a name that you don’t have the right to use, or another person’s name with the intent to impersonate that person. Substack reserves the right to refuse registration of or cancel a Substack account name at its discretion.

Creators and Readers

As a Substack account holder, you are both a Creator and a Reader. As a Creator, subject to the terms of our Publisher Agreement, you can use Substack to publish content to the web, directly to a list of subscribers that you control, and to our platform. As a Reader, you can use your Substack account to subscribe to or follow other Creators’ Substack content.

Posting Content on Substack

First and foremost, you own what you create. Any original content you post, upload, share, store, or otherwise provide to Substack remains yours and is protected by copyright and any other applicable intellectual property laws. 

That includes publications, subscriber lists, any other text or photos you upload to your subdomain on Substack, and any information that you provide to obtain a Substack username and account. It also includes any comments posted on any current or future discussion board features on Substack. 

Anything posted, uploaded, shared, stored, or otherwise provided through Substack is referred to as a “Post” in these Terms. There are a few rules that apply to all Posts:

• Don’t Infringe
  Your Posts should not violate someone else’s (including Substack’s) rights. Don’t copy, reproduce, modify, translate, publish, broadcast, transmit, distribute, perform, upload, display, license, sell, commercialize or otherwise exploit for any purpose any content not owned by you unless you have prior consent from the owner of that content. 

• Limited License to Us
  In order to display your Posts on Substack, and to allow other users to enjoy them, you grant us certain rights in your Posts:

• Operating Substack
  You hereby grant Substack a license to translate, modify, reproduce, and otherwise act with respect to your Posts to enable us to provide, improve, and notify you about new features within Substack. You understand and agree that we may need to make changes to your Posts to conform and adapt those Posts to the technical requirements of networks, devices, services, or media, and this license includes the rights to do so. For example, we may need to modify your publication to make sure it is viewable on an iPhone as well as a computer. 

• Public Posts
  If you share a Post with other users on Substack, then you grant us the license above, as well as a license to display, perform, and distribute your Post. Also, you grant all other users of Substack a license to access the Post, and to use and exercise all rights in it, as permitted by the functionality of Substack. 

• Term of License
  You agree that the licenses you grant are royalty-free, perpetual, irrevocable, and worldwide. This is a license only – your ownership in Posts is not affected.

We reserve the right to remove any content from Substack at any time, for any reason (including, but not limited to, if someone alleges you contributed that content in violation of these Terms), in our sole discretion, and without notice.

Intellectual Property and Reporting Infringement

We respect others’ intellectual property rights, and we reserve the right to delete or disable content alleged to be infringing, and to terminate the accounts of repeat alleged infringers. You promise to abide by copyright notices, trademark rules, information, and other restrictions you may receive from us or that are posted on Substack.

To review our complete Copyright Dispute Policy and learn how to report potentially infringing content, click here. To learn more about the Digital Millennium Copyright Act, which governs how we handle these reports, click here.

You understand that we own Substack. These Terms don’t grant you any right, title or interest in Substack, or our trademarks, logos, and other intellectual property. 

Acceptable Use Policy

You are responsible for all your activity in connection with Substack! Make sure that you use Substack in a manner that complies with the law. If your use of Substack is prohibited by applicable laws, then you aren’t authorized to use Substack. We can’t and won’t be responsible for you using Substack in a way that breaks the law.

You also agree that you will not contribute any Post or otherwise use Substack in a manner that:

• Is fraudulent or threatening, or in any way violates Substack’s Content Guidelines;

• Jeopardizes the security of your Substack account or anyone else’s (such as allowing someone else to log into Substack as you, or sharing your account or password with someone);

• Attempts, in any manner, to obtain the password, account, or other security information of any other user;

• Violates the security of any computer network, or cracks any passwords or security encryption codes;

• Runs Maillist, Listserv, any form of auto-responder or “spam” on Substack, or any processes that run or are activated while you are not logged into Substack, or that otherwise interferes with the proper working of Substack (including placing an unreasonable load on Substack’s infrastructure);

• “Crawls,” “scrapes,” or “spiders” any page, data, or portion of Substack (through use of manual or automated means);

• Copies or stores any significant portion of the content on Substack;

• Decompiles, reverse engineers, or otherwise attempts to obtain the source code or underlying ideas or information of or relating to Substack.

• Includes communications or other activity for, by, on behalf of, at the direction of, or which provides material support to a party that is the target of trade and economic sanctions enforced by the government of the United States, including persons enumerated on the List of Specially Designated Nationals, another applicable list maintained by the U.S. Department of the Treasury’s Office of Foreign Assets Control, or of another applicable sanctions list of a country in which Substack operates or does business.

Content Moderation

We use a combination of automated tools and human review to detect and act on content that may violate these Terms, our Content Guidelines, or applicable law. Automated tools we currently use include: hash-matching technology to detect child sexual abuse material (CSAM) and other known illegal imagery; keyword and URL filtering to identify potentially illegal content; and automated scanning of direct messages for spam, malicious content, and child abuse material. Where automated tools flag content, a human reviewer will assess the content before any enforcement action is taken, except where immediate action is necessary to prevent serious harm or where applicable law requires otherwise.

If we determine that content violates our policies or applicable law, we may remove it, restrict its visibility, suspend or terminate the account responsible, or take other proportionate action. Where we restrict or remove your content or suspend your account for policy or safety reasons, we will notify you of the action taken and the reason for it, unless doing so would compromise an investigation, risk harm to another person, or is otherwise prohibited by law.

If you believe we have incorrectly removed your content or restricted your account, you may appeal by contacting us at [email protected]. We will review your appeal and respond within 3 business days. This internal appeal process does not affect any rights you may have to seek independent redress, including through your national regulators.

You can report content you believe violates these Terms or our Content Guidelines using the report tool on each post or profile page. Reports must be made in good faith. We may decline to act on reports that are frivolous or manifestly unfounded. Repeated misuse of the reporting tool may result in restrictions on your account.

To the maximum extent permitted by applicable law, Substack’s liability in connection with any content moderation decision, including the application or removal of any AI-detection label, is limited to the fullest extent permitted under the limitation of liability provisions of these Terms.

Other Users and Third-Parties

Using Substack will mean engaging with people and organizations other than Substack Inc., as well as content provided by third-party sources who are not affiliated with Substack Inc. The following terms outline your responsibility for interactions with these third parties.

• Posts
  Posts posted to Substack – including Creator publications – are the sole responsibility of the person or organization from whom such content originated. You access all such content at your own risk. We aren’t liable for any errors or omissions in any Post and you hereby release us from any damages or loss you might suffer in connection with a Post.

• Other Users on Substack
  Your interactions with organizations and individuals found on or through Substack, including payment for Creator publications, and any other terms, conditions, warranties or representations associated with such dealings, are solely between you and such organizations and individuals. You agree that Substack shall not be responsible or liable for any loss or damage of any sort incurred as the result of any such dealings. We can’t guarantee the identity of any users with access to Substack and are not responsible for which users gain access to our products and services.

• Third-Party Content
  Substack may contain links or connections to third party websites or services that are not owned or controlled by us. Substack has no control over, and assumes no responsibility for, the content, accuracy, privacy policies, or practices of or opinions expressed in any third-party websites. You release and hold us harmless from any and all liability arising from your use of any third-party website or service.

Creator Terms and Policies

Because Creators on Substack control their own publications, Creators may post their own terms and policies, including privacy policies that disclose those Creators’ own privacy practices. If you, as a Creator, post your own terms and policies, you shall ensure that such terms and policies do not conflict with these Terms and, further, that such terms and policies provide that these Terms prevail in the event of any conflict. Readers subject to your Creator terms and policies are intended third-party beneficiaries of this obligation. When you agree to a third-party Creator’s terms, you understand that any such agreement is directly between you and the issuing Creator, and that Substack is not a party to any such terms. You agree that Substack shall not be a party to any Creator terms and policies unless we provide written agreement to the contrary, and that Creator terms and policies do not amend these Terms.

Limitation of Liability

To the fullest extent allowed by applicable law, under no circumstances and under no legal theory shall Substack, its licensors, or its suppliers be liable to you or to any other person for:

• Any indirect, special, incidental, or consequential damages of any kind, or

• Any amount, in the aggregate, in excess of the greater of (1) $100 or (2) the amounts paid and/or payable by you to us in connection with Substack in the twelve-month period preceding the applicable claim.

No Warranties

Substack is provided to you on an “as-is” basis. This means we provide it to you without any express or implied warranties of any kind. That includes any implied warranties of merchantability, warranties of fitness for a particular purpose, non-infringement, or any warranty that the use of Substack will be uninterrupted or error-free. Accordingly, we do not:

• Make any representations or warranties about any content contained in, accessed through, or generated by AI on Substack, and we will not be responsible for the accuracy, copyright compliance, legality, or decency of material contained on our products and services. 

• Make any representations or warranties regarding suggestions or recommendations of products or services (including Creator publications) offered or purchased through Substack. Products and services purchased or offered through Substack, including publications, are provided “as-is” and without any warranty of any kind from Substack. 

• Automated content detection tools, including AI-detection features, are provided on an “as is” basis. Substack makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy, completeness, or reliability of any automated detection result or label.

Paid Subscriptions on Substack

A Creator may offer their publications for free or for a subscription fee, to be determined in the Creator’s discretion. Readers may choose to subscribe to Creator publications on Substack and agree to incur any applicable subscription fees. 

Substack enables Readers to subscribe to, or follow, a Creator’s Substack content. Substack does not sell or provide any Creator’s content. All Creators are independent content creators and offer their subscriptions directly to Readers. For the avoidance of doubt, Substack is not a party to any agreement or transaction between a Creator and Reader for the subscription purchased by Readers.

Creators will set prices for their publications, and may change the prices at their sole discretion through their Creator account, though no price changes shall apply retroactively. Beginning December 1, 2026, local VAT, GST, sales or use tax may be added to the purchase price for Paid Subscriptions on Substack. In such cases, Substack will charge and collect these taxes from the Reader and remit them to the applicable taxing authority, where Substack’s third-party service provider is able to do so.

In the event that a Reader has a dispute with a Creator, you agree, as either/both a Reader and a Creator, that Substack is under no obligation to become involved other than to direct any inquiries regarding a Creator’s publication to the appropriate Creator pursuant to the Publisher Agreement. Although refunds are generally made only at the Creator’s discretion, Substack facilitates refunds from Creators consistent with our Refund Policy as may be updated from time to time.

Paid Subscriptions as U.S. Political Contributions

A Creator that is a United States candidate or political committee (“Political Creator”) may offer their publications for a subscription fee that is deemed a political contribution to the Political Creator’s campaign or political committee under applicable campaign finance law. By signing up for a paid subscription for a Political Creator’s publication (i.e., making a political contribution to the Political Creator), Reader acknowledges and agrees to the following:

• Reader is a natural person who is at least 18 years of age and a U.S. citizen or lawful permanent resident residing in the U.S. (i.e., green card holder). Reader is not a federal government contractor.

• Reader will pay for the subscription (i.e., make the political contribution), using Reader’s personal funds, and not with a corporate or business credit card or a card issued to another person.

• Reader will not pay for the subscription with funds advanced by another person or entity, and will not be reimbursed by another person or entity for the subscription.

• When signing up for a paid subscription that is a political contribution to a Political Creator, Reader will be asked to provide their first and last name, mailing address, occupation, and name of employer. Reader will provide complete and accurate responses to such requests.

• Campaign finance law may require a Political Creator to disclose your first and last name, mailing address, occupation, name of employer, and date(s) and amount(s) of your political contribution(s) to the Political Creator on publicly available campaign finance disclosure reports.

• Reader is solely responsible for ensuring that their political contributions to Political Creators comply with applicable campaign finance laws, including any contribution limits.

Terminating Your Account

Substack is free to terminate (or suspend access to) your use of Substack, or your account, for any reason at our discretion. We will try to provide advance notice to you prior to our terminating your account so that you are able to retrieve any important Posts you may have uploaded to your account, but we may not do so if we determine it would be impractical, illegal, not in the interest of someone’s safety or security, or otherwise harmful to the rights or property of Substack.

Substack also allows you to delete your account at any time. If you'd like to delete your account, you can do so from your account page. When you delete your account, any Posts associated with that account will also be deleted. However, any Post that you have made public may remain available. 

You understand and agree that it may not be possible to completely delete your content from Substack’s records or backups, and that your Posts may remain viewable elsewhere to the extent that they were copied or stored by other users. Please refer to our Privacy Notice to understand how we treat information you provide to us after you have stopped using Substack. 

You agree that some of the obligations in these Terms will be in force even after you terminate your account. All of the following terms will survive termination: any obligation you have to pay us or indemnify us, any limitations on our liability, any terms regarding ownership or intellectual property rights, terms regarding disputes between us, and any other terms that, by their nature, should survive termination of these Terms.

If you have deleted your account by mistake, contact us immediately at [email protected] – we will try to help, but unfortunately, we can’t promise that we can recover or restore anything.

Child Privacy on Substack

The Children’s Online Privacy Protection Act (“COPPA”) requires that online service providers obtain parental consent before they knowingly collect personally identifiable information online from children. We do not knowingly collect or solicit personally identifiable information from children under 16; if you are a child under 16, please do not attempt to register for Substack or send any personal information about yourself to us. If we learn we have collected personal information from a child under 16, we will delete that information as quickly as possible. If you believe that a child under 16 may have provided us personal information, please contact us at [email protected].

Artificial Intelligence Services on Substack

We may offer you generative artificial intelligence (“AI”) functionality, for example, by providing tools that allow you to generate images or text from written prompts. You acknowledge and agree that:

• Use of AI services is at your own risk and is fully subject to the disclaimer of warranties of these Terms;

• You are solely responsible for ensuring that your AI prompts and outputs are lawful and otherwise comply with these Terms and our Content Guidelines;

• Our AI services are facilitated by third-party service providers, together with those vendors’ own subprocessors and service providers. Our Privacy Notice applies to all AI services and speaks to how we and our service providers may access and use related data; and

• Using our AI services on our platform to generate outputs does not give us any rights to your outputs beyond the licenses we otherwise take under these Terms in order to provide our services.

The following terms apply to your use of our automated support chatbot:

• Chatbot limitations
  Our support chatbot is an automated service provided as a convenience. You understand that support chats may provide inaccurate or incomplete information, and are not a substitute for reviewing Substack’s terms and policies. You understand that the support chat cannot speak for Substack, modify our terms or policies, or make any binding promises to you.

• Privacy Notice
  You understand that support chats are facilitated by and provided to a third-party service provider, Decagon.ai, together with that vendor’s subprocessors and service providers. Our Privacy Notice applies to all support chat data and governs how we and our service providers may access and use support chat data.

SMS Messaging

If you provide us your phone number, we may use an SMS message to verify your control of the phone number. Your carrier’s message and data rates may apply to this SMS verification. We don’t send text messages for other purposes, however, you can reply “HELP” for help, or “STOP” to opt out of receiving text messages. You can learn more about our use of phone numbers and SMS messages in our Privacy Notice.

Third Party Services and Integrations

We may offer you functionality that allows you to integrate third-party services in Substack, or to use Substack to interact with third-party services. Where we do, you understand that your use of third-party services is subject to those services’ own terms and policies. In particular, if you use your Substack account to interact with the YouTube API, you agree to be bound by the YouTube terms of service.

Changes to Substack

We’re always trying to improve Substack, so our products and services may change over time. We may suspend or discontinue any part of Substack, or we may introduce new features or impose limits on certain features or restrict access to parts or all of Substack. We’ll try to give you notice when we make a material change to Substack that would adversely affect you, but this isn’t always possible or practical.

Changes to the Terms

We are constantly trying to improve our products and services, so these Terms may need to change along with Substack. We reserve the right to change the Terms at any time, but if we do, we will bring it to your attention by placing a notice on the website, by sending you an email, and/or by some other means. 

If you don’t agree with the new Terms, you are free to reject them; unfortunately, that means you will no longer be able to use Substack. If you use Substack in any way after a change to the Terms is effective and notice has been provided, that means you agree to all of the changes. 

Except for changes by us as described here, no other amendment or modification of these Terms will be effective unless in writing and signed by both you and us. 

US Federal Government Agencies

If you are a United States Federal Government Agency, this Amendment applies to you.

Violations of the Terms

Failure to follow any of these Terms shall constitute a breach of these Terms, which may result in immediate termination of your account. Substack has the sole right to decide whether you are in violation of any of the restrictions set forth in these Terms. 

Miscellaneous Terms

• Indemnification
  To the fullest extent allowed by applicable law, you agree to indemnify and hold Substack, its affiliates, officers, agents, employees, and partners harmless from and against any and all claims, liabilities, damages (actual and consequential), losses and expenses (including attorneys’ fees) arising from or in any way related to any third party claims relating to (a) your use of Substack (including any actions taken by a third party using your account), and (b) your violation of these Terms. In the event of such a claim, suit, or action, we will attempt to provide notice to the contact information we have for your account (provided that failure to deliver such notice shall not eliminate or reduce your indemnification obligations hereunder).

• Assignment
  You may not assign, delegate or transfer these Terms or your rights or obligations hereunder, or your Substack account, in any way (by operation of law or otherwise) without our prior written consent. We may transfer, assign, or delegate these Terms and our rights and obligations without consent.

• Choice of Law
  These Terms are governed by and will be construed under applicable federal law and the laws of the State of California, without regard to the conflicts of laws provisions thereof.

• Arbitration and Class Action Waiver
  Any dispute arising from or relating to the subject matter of these Terms shall be finally settled by arbitration in San Francisco County, California, in accordance with the Streamlined Arbitration Rules and Procedures of Judicial Arbitration and Mediation Services, Inc. (“JAMS”) then in effect, by one commercial arbitrator with substantial experience in resolving intellectual property and commercial contract disputes, who shall be selected from the appropriate list of JAMS arbitrators in accordance with the Streamlined Arbitration Rules and Procedures of JAMS. Judgment upon the award so rendered may be entered in a court having jurisdiction, or application may be made to such court for judicial acceptance of any award and an order of enforcement, as the case may be. Notwithstanding the foregoing, you and Substack shall have the right to institute an action in a court of proper jurisdiction for injunctive or other equitable relief pending a final decision by the arbitrator. For all purposes of these Terms, you consent to exclusive jurisdiction and venue in the state or federal courts located in, respectively, San Francisco County, California, or the Northern District of California. The prevailing party in any action or proceeding arising out of these Terms will be entitled to an award of costs and attorneys’ fees. To the fullest extent permitted by law, you and Substack Inc agree that all claims against the other can only be brought in an individual capacity, and not as a plaintiff or class member in any purported class, consolidated, or other representative proceeding. We agree that arbitrators may not conduct any class, consolidated, or representative proceeding, and are limited to providing relief warranted by an individual party's claim.

• No Third-Party Beneficiaries
  Except as otherwise expressly provided in these Terms, these Terms do not, and are not intended to, confer any rights or remedies upon any person other than you and Substack. Notwithstanding the foregoing, Substack reserves the right to amend, modify, or terminate these Terms (including any third-party beneficiary rights granted herein) at any time without the consent of any third-party beneficiary.

• No Joint Venture
  You hereby acknowledge and agree that you are not an employee, agent, partner, or joint venture of Substack Inc., and you do not have any authority of any kind to bind us in any respect whatsoever. 

• Waiver
  The failure of either you or us to exercise, in any way, any right herein shall not be deemed a waiver of any further rights hereunder. 

• Severability
  If any provision of these Terms is found to be unenforceable or invalid, that provision will be limited or eliminated, to the minimum extent necessary, so that these Terms shall otherwise remain in full force and effect and enforceable. 

• Entire Agreement
  You agree that these Terms are the complete and exclusive statement of the mutual understanding between you and us, and that it supersedes and cancels all previous written and oral agreements, communications and other understandings relating to the subject matter of these Terms.