Content Management System

Adobe Experience Manager is a multi-channel content management system.

Server-side Programming Languages

Static websites don't use any server-side programming language for generating web pages, but deliver fixed content which is created manually or with an offline tool.

JavaScript is a lightweight, object-oriented, cross-platform scripting language. This includes TypeScript.

Java is a general-purpose language originally developed by Sun Microsystems.

Microsoft's Active Server Pages technology on the .NET framework.

Client-side Programming Language

JavaScript is a lightweight, object-oriented, cross-platform scripting language, often used within web pages.

JavaScript Libraries

jQuery is a JavaScript library that simplifies HTML document traversing, event handling, animating and Ajax interaction. Originally developed by John Resig.

Next.js is an open source JavaScript framework based on React and Node.js.

Web Servers

Nginx (pronounced as "engine X") is a lightweight open source web server developed by Igor Sysoev.

The Apache HTTP Server is an open source web server by the Apache Software Foundation.

Node.js is a server-side JavaScript environment for writing network programs such as web servers, originally developed by Ryan Dahl.

Web Hosting Providers

Amazon is a US-based e-commerce and cloud computing provider.

Adobe is a provider of software and IT services.

Data Center Provider

Amazon is a US-based e-commerce and cloud computing provider.

Reverse Proxy Services

Akamai provides a content delivery network. This includes the former brands Instart Logic and StackPath.

Amazon CloudFront is a content delivery web service by Amazon.

Amazon CloudFront is a content delivery web service by Amazon.

DNS Server Providers

Akamai provides a content delivery network.

Amazon is a US-based e-commerce and cloud computing provider.

Amazon is a US-based e-commerce and cloud computing provider.

Email Server Provider

Microsoft is a multinational technology company headquartered in USA, also offering email services.

SSL Certificate Authorities

DigiCert is an SSL certificate authority. This includes Verizon, whose Enterprise SSL Business has been acquired by DigiCert.

Starfield Technologies is an SSL certificate authority owned by Go Daddy.

Traffic Analysis Tools

New Relic is a web application performance management tool.

Adobe Analytics is a web site traffic analysis service formerly called Omniture. Its products include SiteCatalyst, WebSideStory and Hitbox.

Tag Manager

Adobe DTM (Dynamic Tag Management) is a tag management system by Adobe, part of Abode Analytics. This includes Satellite, previously owned by Search Discovery, and Adobe TagManager.

Site Elements

External Cascading Style Sheets define style rules in a separate CSS file.

Embedded Cascading Style Sheets define a set of style rules in a <style> element within a web page.

Inline Cascading Style Sheets define style rules directly within an (X)HTML element using the style attribute.

Session cookies are temporary cookies, which are deleted when the user closes the browser.

Persistent cookies with an expiration time of up to 1 day.

Persistent cookies with an expiration time between 1 day and 1 month.

HttpOnly cookies are used only in the HTTP protocol and not in client side scripts, which may increase security.

Non-HttpOnly cookies are used in the HTTP protocol and also in client side scripts, which may be a security threat.

Secure cookies are used only via an encrypted connections, which may increase security.

Non-secure cookies may be used via an unencrypted connections, which may be a security threat.

Brotli is a lossless compression algorithm developed by Google.

Gzip (GNU zip) is a file compression algorithm.

A strong ETag is an HTTP header field for validation of cached web pages, that indicates a byte-for-byte identical page in the cache.

A weak ETag is an HTTP header field for validation of cached web pages, that indicates a semantically equivalent page in the cache.

The Internet Protocol version 6 (IPv6) provides amongst others a vastly larger address space than the preceding version 4. We consider a website to support IPv6 if a 128-bit address is assigned to it, regardless of the content delivered at that address.

HTTP/2 is the second major version of the HTTP network protocol.

HTTP/3 is the third major version of the HTTP network protocol, derived from the QUIC protocol.

HTTP Strict Transport Security (HSTS) defines a mechanism enabling web sites to declare themselves accessible only via secure connections.

The websites redirects visitors to its www subdomain, e.g. from example.com to www.example.com.

The websites redirects visitors to use SSL encryption, e.g. from http://example.com/ to https://example.com/.

A weak ETag is an HTTP header field for validation of cached web pages, that indicates a semantically equivalent page in the cache.

Structured Data Formats

The Open Graph protocol, originally developed by Facebook, is an RDFa-based format that enables any web page to become a rich object in a social graph.

Twitter/X Cards enable automatic attachment of photos, videos and media elements to tweets.

JSON-LD (JavaScript Object Notation for Linked Data) is a method of encoding Linked Data using JSON.

Generic RDFa (Resource Description Framework in attributes) is RDFa without further specialization.

Markup Language

HTML5 is the fifth revision of the HTML standard.

Character Encoding

UTF-8 (8-bit Unicode Transformation Format) is a variable-length character encoding for Unicode, which is backwards compatible with ASCII.

Image File Formats

PNG (Portable Network Graphics) is a lossless compression image format, suitable to store graphics with uniformly colored areas, and originally introduced as a free, open-source successor of GIF.

Scalable Vector Graphics (SVG) is an XML-based vector image format.

JPEG (Joint Photographic Experts Group) is a lossy compression method suitable to store photographic images.

WebP is an image format that provides lossless and lossy compression, developed by Google.

Top Level Domain

Commercial entities

Server Locations

Content Language